Sample Papers

Evaluation of the Quality Improvement Initiative Against Standard Benchmarks and Outcomes

A crucial point revealed in the analysis of the QI initiative is that a majority of the nurses in the medical and surgical units felt dissatisfied with their jobs because of overwork. Poor nursing outcomes at TGH are symptomatic of quality issues in the hospital’s nursing workforce. Therefore, prioritizing the quality of nursing is the first step to a successful QI initiative.

The statement is supported by certain assumptions about the value of nursing in achieving better patient outcomes:

Research Proposal: Investigating the Dual Components of Test Anxiety – Nervous System Activation and Negative Thoughts

Research Proposal: Investigating the Dual Components of Test Anxiety – Nervous System Activation and Negative Thoughts

1. Title:
Exploring the Dual Components of Test Anxiety: The Role of Nervous System Activation and Negative Thoughts in Academic Performance.

2. Introduction:
Test anxiety is a common psychological phenomenon that significantly impacts students' academic performance and well-being. It is characterized by both physiological symptoms (e.g., nervous system activation, such as increased heart rate and sweating) and cognitive symptoms (e.g., negative thoughts, self-doubt, and fear of failure). While existing research often focuses on these components separately, this study aims to investigate their combined impact on test anxiety. By considering both nervous system activation and negative thoughts, this research seeks to provide a more comprehensive understanding of test anxiety and its effects on academic outcomes.

3. Research Objectives:

To examine the relationship between nervous system activation and test anxiety.
To explore the role of negative thoughts in exacerbating test anxiety.

Proposal for Implementing Meditation Sessions to Reduce Anxiety and Improve Academic Performance Among College Students in the US

1. Title:
Implementing Meditation Sessions to Reduce Anxiety and Enhance Academic Performance Among College Students: A Course of Action Based on Research Findings.

2. Introduction:
Mental health issues, particularly anxiety, are increasingly prevalent among college students in the US, often negatively impacting academic performance and overall well-being. Recent research titled “Effectiveness of Meditation on Reducing the Anxiety Levels of College Students in the US” revealed that students who practiced meditation at least three times a week were twice as likely to score better in their exams. This finding underscores the potential of meditation as a tool for reducing anxiety and improving academic outcomes. This proposal outlines a practical course of action to implement meditation sessions on college campuses, leveraging these research findings to address mental health challenges and enhance student success.

Our research on “Impact of smoking on β-cell function and risk for type 2 diabetes in US citizens” finds that smoking increases the risk of diabetes among smokers. However, smokers might be affected by some genetic conditions which can protect them from diabetes.

Our research on “Impact of smoking on β-cell function and risk for type 2 diabetes in US citizens” finds that smoking increases the risk of diabetes among smokers. However, smokers might be affected by some genetic conditions which can protect them from diabetes.

Impact of consumption of soda on the health of teenagers in Corpus Christi” dissertation proposal

1. Title:
The Impact of Soda Consumption on the Health of Teenagers in Corpus Christi, Texas: A Comprehensive Analysis of Physical, Mental, and Socioeconomic Factors.

2. Introduction:
The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), particularly soda, has been linked to numerous health issues, including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and dental problems. Teenagers are among the highest consumers of soda, making them particularly vulnerable to its adverse effects. Corpus Christi, a city with a diverse population and unique socioeconomic dynamics, provides an ideal setting to study the impact of soda consumption on adolescent health. This research aims to explore the physical, mental, and socioeconomic consequences of soda consumption among teenagers in Corpus Christi and propose actionable recommendations for public health interventions.

3. Research Objectives:

To assess the prevalence of soda consumption among teenagers in Corpus Christi.
To examine the relationship between soda consumption and physical health outcomes (e.g., obesity, diabetes, dental health).
To investigate the association between soda consumption and mental health outcomes (e.g., anxiety, depression, academic performance).

The Effect of Using the Components of Cannabis and its Influence on the Severity and Progression of Anxiety Disorders in Adults

. These components have played crucial roles in benefiting pain relief, appetite and other conditions. THC is known for its psychoactive properties, while CBD is known for its non-psychoactive properties. This article focused on anxiety disorders since it has been on the rise over the last couple of years. A systematic review was conducted using Pubmed and Google Scholar to investigate how CBD and THC influence the severity and progression of anxiety disorders in adults aged 12-65. This study aimed to determine if these components benefit in reducing anxiety. This analysis indicates that 400 mg of CBD shows the greatest reduction of anxiety symptoms while almost all dosages of THC showed an increase in anxiety. Further research should determine the optimal cannabis dosage for anxiety reduction, focusing on specific anxiety disorders (e.g., social or general anxiety), while analyzing narrower age ranges to assess its impact across different age groups. Keywords: Cannabis, Anxiety, Cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

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Article Contents

Introduction

Cannabis, also known as marijuana, is one of the most widely used drugs in many countries around the world. Cannabis use in North America is very high and the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) stated that around 49.6 million people aged 12 or older used cannabis in 2020 in the United States alone [1]. Additionally, in Europe around 27.4% of adults aged 15-64 have tried cannabis at least once according to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) [2]. Annually, 147 million people use cannabis, which makes up 2.5% of the total world population, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) [3]. As can be seen, cannabis is a drug that is used in many countries around the world. In Canada specifically, trends in cannabis use in the past 12 months have increased from 22% in 2018 to 26% in 2023 [4]. This drug use has been growing over the last few years and the importance of its use in medicine has become a topic of interest.

Cannabis is made up of 2 components namely Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). These two compounds have remarkably similar chemical structures yet vastly different effects on the brain [5]. When they bind to the same receptors, THC is psychoactive, which means it affects how the brain works and causes changes in mood, awareness, thoughts, feelings, or behaviour [5] [6]. On the other hand, CBD has antipsychotic properties which by definition manage psychosis including delusions, hallucinations, paranoia or disordered thought [5]. Cannabis has been associated with a range of psychological, social and physical health-related problems [7].

There has been substantial research exploring the effects of THC and CBD on the brain.

Additionally, many studies have covered the effects of Cannabis on pain and various psychological disorders such as Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, only a few articles have examined how Cannabis affects individuals with anxiety disorders. Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental health conditions, affecting millions of people worldwide. For some individuals, their anxiety has become so severe that it interferes with their daily lives and functioning which impairs their ability to perform simple everyday tasks, thus diminishing their overall quality of life. Given the increasing prevalence of anxiety disorders, we examined the effects of cannabis components on these conditions. This article aims to identify significant gaps in the existing literature.

While numerous studies have provided insight into the general effects of cannabis on mental health conditions, few articles have focused their main research on dissecting the distinct roles of THC and CBD in the context of anxiety. For this reason, the central research question for this article is to evaluate how the use of the components of cannabis influences the severity and progression of anxiety disorders (such as social anxiety and general anxiety) in adults. The long-term and short-term effects will be analyzed and this will provide a comprehensive understanding of how cannabis impacts anxiety over time and whether cannabis is anxiolytic (reduces anxiety) or anxiogenic (increases anxiety).

It is hypothesized that CBD, known for its non-psychoactive properties, will have long-term beneficial effects on reducing anxiety. CBD interacts with the endocannabinoid system (EC

The Effect of Using the Components of Cannabis and its Influence on the Severity and Progression of Anxiety Disorders in Adults

Cannabis is a drug that has become widely used around the world. Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are the two important components found in cannabis with contrasting effects on the brain. These components have played crucial roles in benefiting pain relief, appetite and other conditions. THC is known for its psychoactive properties, while CBD is known for its non-psychoactive properties. This article focused on anxiety disorders since it has been on the rise over the last couple of years. A systematic review was conducted using Pubmed and Google Scholar to investigate how CBD and THC influence the severity and progression of anxiety disorders in adults aged 12-65. This study aimed to determine if these components benefit in reducing anxiety. This analysis indicates that 400 mg of CBD shows the greatest reduction of anxiety symptoms while almost all dosages of THC showed an increase in anxiety. Further research should determine the optimal cannabis dosage for anxiety reduction, focusing on specific anxiety disorders (e.g., social or general anxiety), while analyzing narrower age ranges to assess its impact across different age groups. Keywords: Cannabis, Anxiety, Cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

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Article Contents

22 min

Introduction Literature Review Methods Results Discussion Conclusion References

Introduction

There has been substantial research exploring the effects of THC and CBD on the brain.

ntroduction

As much of the developed world experiences an increase in obesity, with as many as 23.8% of male adolescents and 22.6% of female adolescents experiencing being either overweight or obese,1 many unexpected issues arise such as depression.2 Research suggests that in those with obesity, depression is twice as prevalent than in those with a healthy BMI.2 Depression can cause several issues including fatigue, anxiety, apathy, agitation, and loss of concentration.3 One group particularly affected by depression is overweight and obese adolescents. Studies show that overweight and obese children are not only more likely to have depression but also suffer from a worse quality of life, behavioral problems, and struggles with self-worth.4 This systematic review will focus on the question, how does reducing weight through exercise impact depression? This adds to the field by updating this area with recent articles found to the best of the author’s knowledge dating from 2004 to 2024.

Literature Review

Depression

Depression is defined as a mental disorder that can affect the way you feel, act, think, and see the world around you.5 It is known to cause feelings of hopelessness, loss of interest, and suicidal intentions.5 Depression can be caused by genetics, trauma, substance abuse, medications, and even obesity.6 Neurotransmitters can have large effects on depression with the three main neurotransmitters being associated with causing depression, they include dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Changes in the levels of any of these three can cause the onset of depression and many medications are aimed at controlling these levels in those with depression.7

The way that neurotransmitters affect depression is based on the levels of their presence and how they move between neuron synapses. Neurons have times when they absorb neurotransmitters as well as times when there is no uptake. When the neurons are at rest, they experience reuptake where the unused neurotransmitters are gathered and will then be reused.8 Depression is caused by a lack of dopamine, serotonin, and/or norepinephrine. Serotonin helps mood, sleep, digestion, blood clotting, as well as others. Norepinephrine helps to reduce stress and enhance focus. Dopamine helps to drive pleasure and reward seeking. This means that the lack of these between neurons, (i.e., synapses) is not able to improve mood and can cause depressive symptoms.8 Antidepressant medications (i.e., SSRIs and SNRIs) work by making certain neurotransmitters more available by limiting their reuptake.8

Obesity

Obesity can be defined as having excess body fat and is measured as having a body mass index of 30 or higher. BMI is calculated by taking weight in pounds divided by height in inches squared and then multiplying the results by 703. While BMI has its drawbacks such as not always accounting for differences in race, sex, and culture it is still widely accepted and serves as a standard measurement worldwide.9 Differences in sex can account for BMI issues with women having a higher body fat percentage than men and a different distribution of fat.10 Not all cultures view obesity the same, with some cultures including but not limited to some within Africa and Asia seeing obese and overweight individuals as rich, healthy, strong, and even more fertile.11 Race can also play a factor with certain genetics being more likely to be affected by obesity.12 Body fat distribution can differ based on race leading to BMI creating differences in who is considered overweight and obese, this creates a racial divide in those who are considered obese based on the distribution of fat.13 One study found that black and Hispanic women had a significantly higher average BMI than white women while also having a lower body fat percentage.13 Obesity can cause numerous physical health issues.14 Some possible conditions include cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, and even some cancers.15

Adolescent Obesity

Within the adolescent population, depression caused by obesity is a large problem with many obese children experiencing much lower quality of life scores especially those who are obese in the prebuttal and early stages of puberty.16 These groups also are at a higher risk of mental health issues based on their perception of their weight. Students polled in certain schools within South Korea found that children and teens who saw themselves as overweight had mental health issues including depression and stress.17 Those suffering from obesity in adolescent communities are greatly affected by mental health issues and some issues may persist long after their younger years. These health issues later in

Pre-Bed Screen Time and its Effect on Adolescent Sleep: A Systematic Review

Background: Good sleep quality among adolescents has been deemed crucial for preventing issues such as cardiovascular disease and obesity, and it is often measured through self-report questionnaires such as the PSQI. Several lifestyle factors affect adolescent sleep quality such as diet, caffeine use, physical activity, relationship with family, and daytime screen time. This systematic review looks to assess if pre- bed screen time has an impact on sleep quality among adolescents.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed and OMNI following the PICO Cochrane Model and using keywords “screen time” “sleep quality” and “adolescents” yielded 537 results, which were then screened and narrowed down to seven. The inclusion criteria were adolescents aged approximately 13-18 globally, the use of any type of screens before bed, and the outcome was any impact on sleep quality. A topical search of Google Scholar was performed, and three more articles were added for a total of 10 articles.

Results: 90% of the studies in the review found a negative correlation between pre-bed screen time and sleep quality. Out of the nine studies that found a relationship, eight used statistically significant correlations and one used descriptive percentage. India was the only country that had no significant results. Two of the studies found that girls have worse sleep quality than boys, and one study found that the relationship between screen time and sleep quality is mediated by bedtime procrastination.

Conclusion: One of the primary factors implicated in the effect screen time before bed has on sleep quality is the blue light emitted by digital screens, which decreases melatonin levels, also known as the hormone related to regulating sleep cycles. It is recommended that parents regulate their adolescents’ screen time by implementing measures such as screen-time limits, and that public health educators implement more campaigns to educate adolescents on the issue.

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Article Contents

Abstract

Background

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prominent cancers worldwide. However, many limitations in its diagnostic and prognostic protocols lead to severe unreliability. Numerous studies have identified miRNAs as potential non-invasive liquid biomarkers of PCa. This research aims to evaluate the current literature to better understand the effectiveness of miRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic non-invasive liquid biomarkers of prostate cancer.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted by thorough searches on the Omni and PubMed database for articles in the past five years. The eligibility criteria, including demographics, study methodology, and sample type, were developed, enabling the final selection of 18 articles that fit these guidelines. Characteristics of the chosen studies varied, as the goal was to include diverse populations and methodologies to encompass all the current literature. Key differentially expressed and statistically significant miRNAs were extracted from the research, including their dysregulation signatures and associated statistical values, and compiled into a Google Doc.

Results

Various single miRNAs and miRNA panels show statistically significant differential expression between healthy controls and PCa patients, displaying potential as biomarkers. MiRNA panels, in conjunction with current diagnostic protocols and clinicopathological factors, display the most promise as a future diagnostic tool for PCa. More specifically, a 2-miRNA and 5-cs-miRPs panel show remarkable potential for future use in prostate cancer screening and diagnosis. These panels displayed significant specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy in the diagnostic power of prostate cancer, even performing better than the prostate-specific antigen test, the current gold-standard liquid biomarker. Some limitations of the supporting evidence include heterogeneity between studies’ methodology and analysis, lack of standardization in the current protocols of miRNA collection and quantification, and the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the expression of these biomarkers.

Conclusion

Future research should validate which miRNAs to include in a panel, how to standardize their storage, collection, and quantification, and how to incorporate them into the current protocols. Clinical applications of miRNAs as non-invasive liquid biomarkers can contribute to early cancer detection and prevention, thus improving outcomes for prostate cancer patients.

Introduction

Prostate cancer (PCa) arises when cancer cells invade and develop in the prostate tissue, with the ability to metastasize to other areas of the body.1 PCa is an exceedingly prevalent disease, ranking as the second most frequently diagnosed cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men worldwide.2 According to the Canadian Cancer Society, PCa is the most common cancer among Canadian men.3 Prostate cancer’s heterogeneity between patients leads to immense difficulty in diagnosis and treatment.4

Current diagnostic strategies for PCa have been heavily criticized for their uncertainty, leading to frequent overtreatment and false-positive or false-negative outcomes.5 The primary screening and diagnostic tools are the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, digital rectal exam (DRE), and tissue biopsy.1

MiRNAs are small, non-coding ribonucleic acids that regulate gene expression through post-transcriptionally modifying messenger RNAs (mRNAs).6 MiRNAs bind to their target mRNAs, inhibiting translation or degrading the molecule to regulate their expression.7 This regulation of gene expression influences functions such as apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, homeostasis, and cell cycle control. MiRNA biogenesis must be exceptionally precise to ensure that these small molecules have the proper structure and function.

Dysregulation of miRNAs can be a prominent contributor to the development and progression of diseases, such as cancer.8 MiRNAs can be upregulated or downregulated, with various effects on cancer pathways. The amplification of oncogenic and/or the loss of tumour-suppressor miRNAs can contribute to cancer tumorigenesis, and the difference in miRNA expression patterns could identify healthy individuals versus cancer patients.9 Numerous miRNAs and their dysregulation have been identified in prostate cancer patients. The use of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PCa, such as miR-17-3p and miR-1185-2-3p has shown increasing promise.10

This research aims to evaluate the current literature to better understand the effectiveness of miRNAs as potential non-invasiv

Effects of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy on Secondary Stroke Prevention

Abstract: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), predominantly combining aspirin and clopidogrel, has become a cornerstone in the strategy for secondary stroke prevention, particularly in the immediate aftermath of an initial stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of DAPT's efficacy, safety profile, and overall clinical implications compared to single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT),which typically involves the use of aspirin. The study focuses on the therapeutic balance DAPT offers—significant benefits in reducing early stroke recurrence weighed against the notable increased risk of major bleeding events. Through an extensive review and synthesis of key clinical trials, including the CHANCE (Clopidogrel in High-risk patients with Acute Non-disabling Cerebrovascular Events), POINT (Platelet-Oriented Inhibition in New TIA and Minor Ischemic Stroke), and MATCH (Management of Atherothrombosis with Clopidogrel in High-risk patients) trials, this research elucidates the circumstances under which DAPT provides the most substantial benefits. The CHANCE and POINT trials, for instance, demonstrated a 25-30% reduction in recurrent stroke risk within the first 90 days post-stroke when using DAPT, underscoring its efficacy in the critical early phase of stroke management. However, these benefits are tempered by findings from the MATCH trial and others, which highlight a significantly elevated risk of major bleeding, particularly in certain patient demographics such as older adults or those with multiple comorbidities. This paper synthesizes current knowledge on the clinical advantages and limitations of DAPT but also explores the nuanced patient selection criteria that could optimize its use. By analyzing the results of these pivotal trials, the study offers valuable insights into refining secondary stroke prevention strategies, aiming to improve patient outcomes through more individualized and balanced therapeutic approaches. The findings presented here will contribute to the ongoing evolution of clinical guidelines, ensuring that DAPT is used effectively and safely to prevent recurrent strokes.

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Article Contents

18 min

Introduction Literature Review Methods Results Discussion Conclusions & Future Directions References

Introduction

Strokes occur when blood flow to a part of the brain is blocked or disrupted. There are two primary causes: ischemic, where blood flow is blocked by a clot, and hemorrhagic, where blood flow is disrupted due to a brain bleed. A common method of stroke prevention is the use of platelet anti-aggregation medications like aspirin, which help prevent ischemic strokes. Platelets are clotting factors in the blood, designed to stop blood loss whenever there is a wound, whether inside the body or external. In both cases, platelets gather at the site of the injury to form a clot that plugs the hole. However, platelets can sometimes form clots where they are not needed, blocking blood flow to vital areas of the body.

Aspirin works by preventing platelets from aggregating, reducing the risk of clot formation. Unfortunately, in some cases, aspirin alone is insufficient. To improve outcomes in ischemic stroke prevention, dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) has been introduced. DAPT typically involves the combination of aspirin and clopidogrel, targeting different platelet aggregation pathways to enhance clot prevention. While DAPT ha

Investigating the Research and Potential of Applying Osteopathic Manipulative treatments and Principles for Atopic Dermatitis

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) has a substantial impact on both individuals and healthcare systems globally, making it a major public health concern among skin diseases. The costs of moisturizers, topical steroids, and other hidden out-of-pocket expenses can be overwhelming.1 Additionally, commonly used allopathic treatments come with their own risks and side effects, further complicating the management of AD.2,3 The current study aims to investigate the impact of osteopathic manipulative treatments (OMT) as a potentially safer and more cost-effective alternative to allopathic treatments.

Abstract

Background

Depression is a prevalent and debilitating disorder impacting over 300 million individuals globally. Traditional treatments include psychotherapy and antidepressant medications; However, these methods often fall short due to high costs, adverse side effects, and suboptimal remission rates. Consequently, there is a growing need for alternative treatment options. Exercise is recognized by various health guidelines as a potential supplementary treatment for non-severe depression, yet the evidence supporting its efficacy remains inconsistent.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The review focused on RCTs published between 2011 and 2024, evaluating the effects of exercise interventions on depressive symptoms. Studies included adults diagnosed with depression using validated screening measures, excluding those involving mind-body exercises like tai chi or yoga. The primary outcome was a change in depressive symptoms, assessed using validated scales such as the Beck Depression Inventory and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D).

Results

Eight RCTs met the inclusion criteria, encompassing a range of exercise interventions and durations. The review revealed that short-duration exercise interventions (8-12 weeks) consistently resulted in significant improvements in depressive symptoms compared to longer-duration studies (24 weeks). Light to vigorous exercises were effective in reducing depression severity, and self-selected intensity exercises showed particularly promising results in enhancing adherence and outcomes. However, variations in control group activities and the nature of the exercise prescribed often introduce confounding factors.

Conclusion

The findings support the efficacy of exercise as an adjunct treatment for depression, particularly for short-term intervention. Despite the methodological challenges and variability in study designs, exercise demonstrates significant potential in improving depressive symptoms. Future research should aim to standardize intervention protocols and control conditions, include long-term follow-up periods, and explore tailored exercise prescriptions to optimize treatment outcomes. The review underscores the importance of incorporating exercise into treatment plans for depression to enhance overall well-being.

Introduction

Depression is a common and disabling disorder that significantly reduces quality of life and is associated with medical comorbidities and increased mortality1,2. Over 300 million people worldwide are affected by depressive disorder3. Currently, psychotherapy and antidepressant medications, either alone or in combination, are the recommended treatments for depression4. However, psychotherapy achieves remission in only about 50% of cases and is typically expensive5. Antidepressant medications frequently lead to side effects, relapses, and withdrawal symptoms6. One serious side effect linked to antidepressants is suicide, with an increased risk of suicidal behavior in adults, suggesting careful monitoring during treatment7. Another significant issue with antidepressants is that a substantial number of patients discontinue their medication within the first six months and varying adherence rates with a median of 63% 8,9. Notably, around 70% of adults with depression do not receive adequate treatment10. Untreated depression can lead to the worsening of the illness and the development of comorbidities, resulting in increased costs for society11,12. This emphasizes the need for easily accessible alternative treatment options13.

Several guidelines, including those from the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), and the World Health Organization (WHO), endorse exercise as an alternative treatment for non-severe depression4,14,15. In contrast, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) only recommends exercise when antidepressants or psychotherapy are ineffective or unacceptable and states there is insufficient evidence to support it as an official treatment16. This discrepancy highlights the difficulty in drawing definitive conclusions about the role of exercise in treating non-severe depression 17. This systematic review aims to examine the impact of exercise on depression.

Pharmaceutical & Non-Pharmaceutical Cortisol Decrease in Patients with Hypertension

Hypertension is a prevalent medical condition in society. Cortisol, an endocrine hormone, is shown to increase blood pressure. This study uses PubMed to review the findings on how decreasing cortisol affects blood pressure in hypertensive patients. After a literature search, 136 records were screened, and seven studies were included in the review. Pharmaceutical remedies were found in studies involving glucocorticoid antagonists mifepristone and relacorilant, looking at patients who have Cushing’s syndrome. These studies show a significant decrease in blood pressure but many patients withdrew from the study due to adverse effects. Non-cushing syndrome hypertensive patients were seen in a study involving beta blockers atenolol and nebivolol. Atenolol had a significant decrease in cortisol levels, both drugs reported a decrease in blood pressure and ACTH. The non-pharmaceutical studies involve relaxation training, forest therapy, qigong, and aromatherapy. All these studies show a common problem: the inability to control the variables to isolate cortisol effects. Some studies saw decreases in epinephrine and norepinephrine, and others in aldosterone. This makes it increasingly difficult to draw conclusions about the effect of decreasing cortisol in hypertensive patients. Further research on the impact of micro doses of mifepristone and relacorilant on non-cushings patients is needed to see if reducing cortisol can effectively lower blood pressure.

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Article Contents

20 min

Introduction Literature Review Methodology Results Discussion Conclusions & Future Directions References

Introduction

The heart is an intricate and vital organ since it is part of many organ systems that allow the body to function correctly. From endocrine hormone movement to something as simple as nutrient and oxygen distribution, the heart keeps the body alive. The heart involves two pumps, the ventricles, moving the blood in series. Blood pressure is the pressure of blood as it flows through the blood vessels. This pressure is required to ensure the blood reaches target tissues. Systolic blood pressure is known as the pressure of blood after the ventricles contract, and diastolic blood pressure is the pressure of blood after relaxation of the ventricle muscles. Hypertension is the incidence of elevated blood pressure over a period of time (Oparil et al., 2018). 48.1% of adults in the United States have hypertension or are taking medicine to treat hypertension. In 2021, hypertension contributed to 691,095 deaths in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2023). The American Heart Association states that hypertension can lead to heart attacks, heart failure, kidney damage, strokes, and vision loss. A greater understanding of specific mechanisms that lead to hypertension is crucial for knowledge that may treat and prevent hypertension-related fatalities.

Treatment of Aerosol Beclomethasone Dipropionate for Managing Exacerbations in Chronic Asthmatic Patients, ages 5-18, and those with Corticosteroid Dependence

Pediatric chronic asthma management often requires inhaled corticosteroid use, like beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP). While BDP has been a keystone in asthma treatment for decades, the research assessing its efficacy and safety, particularly in ages 5-18, were conducted between the 1970s to 2005, leaving a significant gap in recent studies. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of BDP in improving pulmonary function and resolving corticosteroid dependence in chronic asthmatic children, while also assessing its potential side effects.

Out of 273 studies, 20 fit the inclusion criteria, encompassing 1495 children, ages 5-18, with chronic asthma and some with corticosteroid dependence. The trials compared the administration of BDP to a place

Abstract

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic commonly used for hemostasis. TXA has been used extensively in medicine, although minimal reviews exist that assess its efficacy and safety in ophthalmologic use. The objective of this systematic review is therefore to effectively summarize the use of TXA within the context of ophthalmology. A literature review was conducted using electronic databases: PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and the University of Manitoba Library Database. Studies were collected through preset participant criteria and outcome measures. Comparisons were made based on derived similarity in goals and methods between studies. Twenty-seven studies in total were identified and used. A majority of studies with traumatic hyphema patients indicate a significant reduction of secondary hemorrhage rates (among the traumatic hyphema cohort studies, a range of 0 to 1.9% compared to 7.1 to 9.6% in control groups). TXA has been shown to significantly reduce central macular thickness in macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion (8.3% reduction) but not in diabetic macular edema. However, no significant reduction of bleeding was demonstrated in post-vitrectomy patients nor during oculoplastic surgeries. In regards to ocular adverse effects, chromatopsia, central retinal vein occlusion, branch retinal artery occlusion, and ligneous conjunctivitis have been reported. TXA should be used with caution in patients with certain underlying conditions.

1. Introduction

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent which has been used in medicine for bleeding control1. TXA inhibits plasmin production, thereby maintaining blood clots and reducing bleeds1. TXA was initially developed and released in 1962 to successfully treat heavy menstrual bleeding and its ability to effectively reduce bleeding has been further established in diverse cases, including various surgeries, parturition, hereditary bleeding disorders, and nosebleeds to name a few1. TXA is found to be 6 to 10 times more potent than its other common antifibrinolytic, epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA)2, and patients are less likely to experience the common side effects including nausea and diarrhea2.

Evaluating the Longevity of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)

Evaluating the Longevity of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) In as much as irritability and temper are not considered common among young children, their intensity and chronicity beyond development norms can be challenging to parents, patients, as well as those working with children. Currently, according to a report by (Baweja, Mayes, Hameed, & Waxmonsky, 2016), severe irritability among the main reported reasons as to why children are put under psychological health services. The report also outlines some cases of behavioral and emotional dysregulation among the young people seeking mental health services. Symptoms of these disorders may manifest in several ways including limited attention hyperactivity and bipolar disorders and also the depressive disorder. Following the challenge - which was presented by these arrays of mental health problems- a new category of diagnosis was induced in the DSM-5, Disruption Mood Dysregulation Disorder DMDD. This was to help curb the reported rising cases of the disorders (Roy, Lopes, & Klein, 2014). Despite being controversial as pointed out by some media sources, clinicians and researchers, empirical research has found that DMDD has varied outcomes with regards to development, distinct etiology, and distinctions in neurobiology from oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and pediatric bipolar disorder (Roy, Lopes, & Klein, 2014). capstonewriting.com EVALUATING THE LONGEVITY OF DMDD 4 Background DMDD (Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder) is a condition among children often characterized by extreme anger, irritability and regular anger outbursts. However, its symptoms extend beyond sullenness to severe impairment often with the necessity for medical attention. As per the DSM-5 2013 manual, DMDD is a new condition with its first appearance in the Statistics manual in 2013 (Nimh.nih.gov, 2018). The vast amount of information on the condition come from studies regarding the severe mood dysregulation even though the limit of age placed on its onset differs between severe mood dysregulation (12 years), and DMDD, which is normally prevalent from ten years (Zepf & Holtmann, 2012). Certain studies have also scrutinized the solidity of DMDD with an increasing time span. The results of such studies have indicated higher stability in childhood than during teenage years. Previous study outcomes also demonstrated that over 80% of children who met the DMDD criteria when they were 9 years old also met similar criteria at the age of six (Mikita & Stringaris, 2013). By contrast, another study diagnosed cases with severe mood dysregulation and established that less than half of the total population sampled met the criteria during the follow up process. It was also important from previous studies that children who were diagnosed with DMDD, at the age of six, had higher risk of suffering from attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder by the time they celebrated their ninth birthday (Ryan, 2013). Such children also have high risk of disruptive behavior disorders. The status of DMDD in childhood also indicates subsequent problems in peer relationships

Prophylactic antibiotic: Is it effective in preventing post-surgical infection?

Post-surgical infection is a common healthcare problem that may lead to hospitalization for a prolonged period. Early recognition of signs and symptoms is a prerequisite for reducing the instances of surgical site infections. Before bothering to know which post-surgical measures can help prevent infection, the pre and perioperative periods are equally important. Surgical site infection prevention starts at the pre-operative stage. Studies on post-surgical infection indicate that antibiotics can help prevent infections (Gyssens, 1999). Patients that record surgical wound infections may have to consume more antibiotics spend more on health care; suffer from pain, and in some cases, they die (Asif, Mirza & Saeed, 2017). Population All groups of people, notwithstanding their age, are at an increased level of infection if they undergo surgery. Surgery exposes the internal parts of the body to the external environment, one which they are not well equipped to handle. Due to the increased risk of contracting infections, surgeries need to adhere to the highest possible levels of hygiene. However, not all surgeries require prophylactic antibiotics; application of such measures is unnecessary for clean surgeries. Intervention While conducting surgery, studies indicate that the use of prophylactic antibiotics may help reduce the chances of chances of contracting surgical wound infection during the postsurgery period. Patients with wounds during a surgical procedure are more disposed to contracting infections as compared to those that had no wounds before surgical incision (Hegde, 2013). Surgery is a detailed experience; the use of prophylactic antibiotics is not a guarantee that capstonewriting.com there would be no surgical wound infections. Prophylactic antibiotics are just a measure that can PROPHYLACTIC ANTIBIOTICS 3 significantly reduce the chances of one getting infected on the surgical site. The use of prophylactic antibiotic is meant to ward off opportunistic infections. First generation cephalosporins are the preferred prophylactic antibiotics; the use of third-generation cephalosporins does not translate well to a majority of surgeries. When first and third generation cephalosporins get compared, the first generation category has a spectrum of activity able to counter organisms present in everyday surgical encounters (Hegde, 2013). Wholesale usage of prophylactic antibiotics on surgeries does not yield desired results (Elbur et al., 2013). Optimal prophylactic antibiotics performance occurs when the drugs get administered between fifteen minutes and one hour before surgery. The use of prophylactic antibiotic past the one hour period is not permissible where the surgery lasts for more than three hours; however, the efficacy of such does not show up in literature. Preoperative prophylactic antibiotics may help prevent post-surgical infections (Elbur et al., 2013). There are chances of prophylactic antibiotics misuse, they incl

The Gold Standard Anticoagulation Therapy for Post-Op Total Knee/Hip Replacement

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is seen as an immediate threat to clients experiencing major orthopedic surgeries like total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA). Considering the recognized risks of VTE, arthroplasty surgeons are thoughtful of the requirement for VTE thromboprophylaxis. For instance, it is reported that the occurrence of deep venous thrombosis without the administration of prophylaxis is up to 57 percent with total hip arthroplasty while, with total knee arthroplasty, the proportion is up to 85 percent. Nonetheless, the methods of therapies of thromboprophylaxis applied in the reduction of the dangers to patients have been changing. Clinical practice procedures have been produced by many professional bodies, as some healthcare systems have also set their guidelines. The appropriateness of the anticoagulant used is shaped by the equilibrium between its effectiveness and safety concerning the bleeding risks of the drug. Nevertheless, it is essential to consider a multimodal methodology that emphasizes on early postoperative awareness and the utilization of both anticoagulants and mechanical options. Keywords: Pulmonary embolism (PE), Prophylaxis, Venous thromboembolism (VTE), Thromboprophylaxis, Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) capstonewriting.com GOLD STANDARD ANTICOAGULATION THERAPY 1 Introduction Venous thromboembolism (VTE) relates to one pathological process that includes the thrombosis of a peripheral vein (DVT or deep venous thrombosis), embolization, and a branch of the pulmonary artery thrombosis (PE or pulmonary embolism) (Budhiparama, Abdel, Ifran & Parratte, 2014). The need for systematic thromboprophylaxis especially for patients with certain high-risk factors is significantly high. Especially amongst patient who undergo surgeries that high risks of postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). DVT and PE are essential issues of concern regarding public health. The issuance of prevention to those who seem at risk is an essential initiative for the prevention of postoperative wounds and infections. There is increased recognition and orthopedic practice challenge concerning the increased chance of venous thromboembolism and its attendant problems and mortality following major orthopedic procedures, surgical procedures for hip joint ruptures, and arthroplasty of knee and hip joint. The occurrence of deep venous thrombosis without the administration of prophylaxis is up to 57 percent with total hip arthroplasty while, with total knee arthroplasty, the proportion is up to 85 percent (Budhiparama et al. 2014). The rate of pulmonary embolism (PE) is 2 percent of patients following total hip arthroplasty and 1.7 percent of the total knee arthroplasty clients. It is established that symptomatic venous thromboembolism takes place in nearly 4 percent of clients, implying that it is more common than the problems like luxation and other postoperative diseases like respiratory failure, pneumonia, and bronchospasm. The statistics shown above imply that a safe and useful thromboprophylaxis is needed. Anticoagulant prophylaxis that was used initially, including the unfractionated heparin and then low molec

Research Question How effective is the application of education programs regarding diet and exercise among obese female adults of Hispanic descent regarding to improvement in blood glucose, laboratory results, weight, blood pressure, and BMI as compared to the obese female of the same origin?

Research Problem Globally, societies are impacted by diverse diseases and one of these ailments that affect different communities is obesity. Hispanic women cannot be left out when obesity is mentioned. Over the past decades, obesity has been on the rise and it has to be perceived as a major health problem. Certain complications such breathing problems, diabetes, hypertension, and stroke are attributable to obesity. Studies indicate that about 64 percent of non-Hispanic women are obese or overweight as compared to 77 percent of Hispanic women (OMH, 2017). From the year 2015, there is a 30 percent possibility of Hispanic women being overweight as compared to women that are non-Hispanic whites. From this information, it is evident that obesity is a condition that is common among Hispanic women as compared to their counterparts hence calling for the adoption of education regarding nutrition and exercises to either eliminate or decrease obesity and related complications among Hispanic women. Specific Aims -To enlighten obese Hispanic women on the need for education programs regarding nutrition and exercise for the secondary prevention of obesity. -To show family members the need for education p

Evidence based practice on implementation on early sepsis detectio

EBP on Implementation of Early Sepsis Detection The developed EBP standard, particularly for the early detection of Sepsis, is a bundle of two practice guidelines that entail a Sepsis Calculator Tool and a Condition Awareness for Sepsis decision support-technology. Based on the past information and experiences regarding the individual patients, the assessment process could involve one or both of these practice guidelines; either way the two complement each other. Sepsis Calculator Tool The tool applies in the prediction and detection of Sepsis with trained and experienced nurses using it in the assessment of newborn infants. Primarily, the utilization of the tool helps in the calculation of the risk levels of early-onset sepsis in babies born > 34wks gestation (Achten et al., 2017). Moreover, the calculator’s interactive nature alludes to preferences and yields the possibility of early-onset sepsis based on the entry of values for the predefined maternal risks factors and presentation of information acquired through the baby’s clinical assessment. The details required for comprehensive calculations include incidence of early-onset sepsis, gestational age, highest maternal antepartum temperature, ROM, maternal GBS status, and type of intrapartum antibiotics (entails timing too) (Achten et al., 2017). Based on existing evidence on sepsis, the results of the calculator can apply in increasing the awareness of symptoms and knowledge on the problem. Condition Awareness for Sepsis As a contemporary decision-support technology, the approach applies in early detection and acceleration of sepsis intervention based on consistent knowledge of the dynamic nature of capstonewriting.com practitioner and their institutions (Intermedix Corp., 2017). The amalgamation of information NURSING 3 acquired at an individual’s arrival to the institution, health records, and external data regarding sepsis helps in the identification of at-risk patients during the early times. Implications The primary focus of the paper is identifying an effective method that counters the prevalence of neonatal sepsis among the newborns, which additionally leads to increased mortality. More so, the proposition of the research is using timely detection of the condition as the foundation for better interventions and treatment. Consequently, the first major implication of the research will be contributing to the subject by providing empirical data on sepsis as a primary issue affecting infants. This information is significant as other comparable studies conducted in the recent years mostly focus on evaluating specific treatment methods for sepsis. In fact, perchance, the most significant development towards better results for patients with sepsis has been the exclusion of unproductive and probably harmful treatment approaches. In the education realm, the secondary implication will be the timeliness of the research, which prompts scholars to pay attention to other aspects of the sepsis subject such as the prioritization of at-risk patients and cost, among others, using the evidence-based approach. Significant, the accurate adoption of the evidence-based adoption would result in scholars and academics being driven to a largely contemporary adoption of EBP. Eventually, this could lead to the consistent assessment of evidence as the foundation for gaining increased and comprehensive knowledge on the specific components of the subject matter. In conclusion, despite substantial progress, sepsis prevails as the most deadly acquired conditions for newborns. Even so, the healthcare and interventions are uneven and frequently lethargic. Therefore, the practice implications of the research will be the exploitation of the fact capstonewriting.com that survival from sepsis depends on early detection and treatment. Therefore, the proposition

Educating Staff: Implementing Change Guidelines

he world is changing at a fast pace with new forms of technologies replacing the traditional ways of works. Typically, it has become a world full of uncertainties, a factor that has pushed many organizations to become more conscious in developing new knowledge and tricks of coping with these changes.  In most organizations and business entities, learning has emerged as a significant response to these uncertainties happening in the world. Together with this change, individuals across the globe are being forced to be responsible for their own continuous kerning to have a different combination of skills that are required in the specific professionals

Capstone Project: Milestone 2: Design Proposal

Physical Fitness Training for Stroke Patients Stroke is a critical health condition that is a notable cause of chronic disability in adults. This is evident in the United States where it is a principal contributor to long-term disability; second major contributor to dementia, and the fourth dominant contributor to deaths in the country. From a global perspective, the impact of stroke is far-reaching despite the fact that the overall approximation of the effect varies widely and are not consistently reliable. According to statistics, the prevalence of stroke in the United States is approximately 3% of the American adult population, which makes up seven million individuals (Ovbiagele & Nguyen-Huynh, 2011). Concerning incidence, 800000 cases of first-time and recurring strokes occur annually in the United States, with the bulk of the cases being made up of first-time stroke (an estimated 600000 incidences). Of the stroke incidences estimated 3% are subarachnoid hemorrhage, 10% primary hemorrhages, and 87% ischemic infarctions (Ovbiagele & Nguyen-Huynh, 2011). It is noteworthy that stroke has an enormous impact on the patients’ life quality and daily living activities. As such, survivors of stroke cases undergo rehabilitation with the aim of restoring the quality of life and their ability to engage in daily living activities. After the restoration, a significant number of patients tend to walk independently. Nonetheless, there is also a significant number of patients who develop residual walking disabilities. As cited in Vloothuis and other (2014), following the rehabilitation only 7% can walk appropriately. Additionally, 28% of patient remain dependent in their daily living activities such as indoor mobility, toileting, and dressing (Vloothuis et al.,2014). With this problem, most of the patients who leave rehabilitation live at home permanently because of their inactivity. It is clear that there is need to reduce the burden associated with stroke for patients, caregivers, and the community capstonewriting.com by using any intervention that promotes functional outcome. PHYSICAL FITNESS TRAINING FOR STROKE PATIENTS 3 To solve the disease burden issue, there exists a broad body of knowledge that emphasis on the effectiveness of highly intensive exercise therapy in achieving a functional outcome in people with stroke (Vloothuis et al.,2014). In line with this, training that is mediated by nurses has been termed as a resource-efficient intervention. This will ensure that the patient and caregiver exercise perform the exercise together thus augmenting practice intensity without rocketing the healthcare cost. Additionally, in the physical fitness training, the caregivers are actively engaged as compared to standard rehabilitation services. From a system point of view, this solution for stroke patients will also reduce the inpatient length of stay, and improve the outcome in areas such as empowerment, self-management, and the quality of life for the caregiver and patients too (Vloothuis et al.,2014). Change Model Overview Theoretically, evidence-based practice is a foundational principle in the nursing practice; however, the challenge is rooted in putting it into practice. The ACE Star Model of Knowledge Transformation (ASM) is a model for comprehending the phases and attributes of knowledge used in various facets of evidence-based practice (EBP). It is essential to note that the ASM model is critical in changing practices (Stevens,2013). It aligns both traditional and new concepts of care improvement into a whole and puts forth a model which guides the organization of the processes and strategies of EBP. At its basic, this ACE Star Model is a simple, close depiction of the association between the phases of knowledge transformation, as new novel knowledge is appropriated in practice (Stevens, 2013). Furthermore, the process takes into account the typical processes and also promotes the unique elements of EBP. The model incorporates nursing’s previous scholarly work

Capstone Practicum: Research Process-Evidence demonstrates nurses on MBU are not as knowledgeable as need be

Nursing Research Paper Introduction A study by Naugler and DiCarlo (2018) rates "Sudden Infant Death Syndrome" (SIDS) as one of the major causes of deaths of infants in the U.S. According to Moon, Hauck, and Colson (2016), more than 4000 SIDS-related infant deaths are registered in the U.S. every year (p.67). No precise causes of SIDS have been documented, but an apparent correlation has been found between both sleep environment and infant positioning and risks of SIDS (Myers, 2016). A preponderance of evidence demonstrates that nurses on Mother-Baby-Units are not as knowledgeable as they need be around AAP Safe Baby Sleeping practices, and that is why cases SIDS-related infants’ deaths have been on the rise (Naugler & DiCarlo, 2018; Bartlow et al., 2016). AAP baby sleeping practices are recommendations given by the APP (American Academy of Pediatrics) regarding how to establish a safe sleeping environment for newborns (Goetter & Stepans, 2005). This study will use both qualitative and quantitative research designs to investigate this problem: nurses on Mother-Baby-Units are not as knowledgeable as they need be around American Academy of Pediatric Safe Baby sleeping practices. Due to the limitation of literature on this topic, a combination of these two research designs will provide a richer and more detailed understanding of the overall knowledge nurses and parents about AAP safe baby sleeping environment and practices. Research design The study will be observational, qualitative and quantitative. Quantitative research will be conducted by using questionnaires while qualitative research will be conducted through observation. The study will be carried out at infant postpartum nurseries in two different hospitals (A and B) in New York City. Staff nurses handling infants in the two hospitals will not be informed capstonewriting.com NURSING RESEARCH PAPER 3 about the specific purpose of observation to avoid creating any alarms, but the directors of the nursing units will be made aware. Observations will be carried out in the postpartum nurseries where newborns are taken care of by registered nurses rather than caretakers or their mothers. No requests will be made to nurses to bring infants for observation. Each observation will include one observer who will observe the nursery at a particular time. Observers will note the position of infants (left-lateral, supine, prone or right-lateral) and other items within the crib of the infants like blankets. Anonymous self-administered questionnaires will be used to measure the attitudes and knowledge of nurses. The questionnaires will test the nurses’ knowledge about SIDs, their reported practice and attitudes toward SIDs. These questionnaires will strictly be distributed within the postpartum units after concluding observation. Sampling A convenience sampling approach will be used to select two hospitals in New York City. Simple random sampling will then be conducted to select a total of 60 nurses caring for infants in their nurseries (30 nurses from each hospital) to fill the questionnaire. The study will include observations of 88 infants and their crib environments in the two hospitals. Regular visits will be made in hospital A and B until 44 infants are observed in each hospital. Observations will be done in a three weeks period at random intervals. Inclusion criteria The inclusion criteria for the participants will be the two hospitals must have infant nurseries to be selected for the study. Only registered nurses, taking care of infants in the nurseries will be allowed to fill the questionnaire. Exclusion criteria The inclusion criteria for the participants will be hospitals without infant nurseries will not be selected for the study. Nurses in the t

Nursing Research Paper Introduction A study by Naugler and DiCarlo (2018) rates "Sudden Infant Death Syndrome" (SIDS) as one of the major causes of deaths of infants in the U.S.

Assignment Capstone Paper Literature Review

Literature Review: Defining Quality of Care The World Health Organization defines health care quality and provides a step-by-step process of building quality in a healthcare setting in its article published in 2006 (World Health Organization 4). WHO defines health care quality from six perspectives: effectiveness, efficiency, accessibility, acceptability (or patient-centeredness), equity, and safety of healthcare and healthcare systems. Effectiveness means that quality healthcare and healthcare systems must adhere to evidence-based practice and result in better healthcare outcomes for communities and individuals, based on need (World Health Organization 5). Quality healthcare is delivered efficiently in a way that optimizes resource application and waste elimination. Quality healthcare is one that is accessible, timely, geographically sensible, and offered in settings where resources and skills are suitable for medical needs. WHO connotes that quality care must be patient-centered by taking into account the aspirations and preferences every service users as well as the cultures their communities (4). People have different cultures which determine their care continuum, so as a clinician, paying attention to cultural practices is paramount in ensuring quality care. Delivering a quality also takes into account the invariability of care value depending on personal characteristics, such as ethnicity, gender, race, socioeconomic status, and geographical location. The healthcare and healthcare systems also have to be safe for them to be considered of high quality. They equally capstonewriting.com have to protect patients’ autonomy by minimizing risks and harm. Surname 2 Theis et al. define the quality of care from the perspective of a patient (395). The researchers conducted a study in which they aimed to examine factors that influence how women in Medicaid select their healthcare plans and explore their thoughts on what they consider ‘poor’ and ‘good’ quality healthcare. Theis et al. used focus groups and quota sampling to collect information from Medicaid beneficiaries in Texas to ensure uniformity (397). In their results, Theis et al. established that most participants considered cost, respect, coverage, and attention when selecting their plans (403). Participants related quality of care to timeliness, positive health outcomes, and communication between care providers and patients. This research shows the significance patient-provider relationship and patient-centeredness when it comes to quality patient care. Therefore, according to Theis et al., a quality care delivery involves granting adequate respect and response to specific patient needs, values, and preferences, incorporating patients’ values in decisions that touch on their health and providing patients with the support and education they need to facilitate their own care (396). Campbell, Roland, and Buetow provide that there are two primary dimensions of care quality: effectiveness and accessibility (1613). The researchers, therefore, agree with the World Health Organization’s research documenting six definitive components of care quality discussed above. Within the realms of effectiveness, Campell et al. accentuate the functionality of the clinical care that patients receive, and the inter-personal connection between patients and physicians (1615). To meet the required quality standard, healthcare systems, healthcare processes, and healthcare must be able to meet the needs of patients. Measuring health care quality is significant because it tracks the performance of a health system and results in improved care. According to Morris and Bailey, there are many care

Assignment 2: Capstone Practicum Assignment: Phase 2: Literature Review

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) SIDS can be described as an unexplained loss of life which occurs mostly when infants are sleeping and it affects infants within the first 12 months after birth (Adams et al., 2015). The actual cause of SIDS is not known. However, a number of researchers have suggested several methods of minimizing the risk of the syndrome, with some researchers proposing back to sleep, the use of pacifiers, and swaddling. There is a need to conduct research on ways in which the risk of SIDS can be minimized in order to reduce the mortality of infants, especially in the United States where the syndrome is the main cause of infant deaths. This paper will involve a comprehensive review of past literature on SIDS, with a focus on the proposed methods of minimizing the risk, such as the use of pacifiers and swaddling.

Paypal Accounting and Financial analysis Capstone Project Example

PAYPAL 2 Financial Performance for 2012 to 2017 Generally, PayPal has experience growth over the five years from 2012 to 2016. In the year ending 31st December 2012, the net revenue for the company was 5.663 billion dollars ("PayPal Holdings - Annual Report", 2017). In the next four years, the revenue grew to 6.627, 8.025, 9.248 and 10.842 billion dollars respectively from 2013 to 2016 ("PayPal Holdings - Annual Report", 2017). The trend shows a continuous growth over time which is a promising indicator for business. There is also a rising trend in the value of assets owned by the company with the values shifting from 16.183 billion dollars in 2013 to 33.103 million dollars in 2017. This is accompanied by an increase in the value of liabilities which has shifted from 428 million dollars to 1.513 billion dollars. Below is a table that represents the performance of the company over the five years in this period. Source: https://investor.PayPal-corp.com/secfiling.cfm?filingID=1633917-17-27&CIK=1633917 In the period between 2013 and 2016, the company witnessed a reduction in cash worthiness of the company. However, the company rose in value in terms of marketable securities. As a result, there was a significant rise in the receivables for the company. In 2013 through to 2016, the cash value of the company was 1.6, 2.2, 1.39 and 1.59 billion dollars respectively ("PayPal Balance Sheet, Annual, 2016, 2015 - Amigobulls", 2017). The 2014 and 2015 results especially show a capstonewriting.com significant drop of almost a billion dollars ("PayPal Balance Sheet, Annual, 2016, 2015 - PAYPAL 3 Amigobulls", 2017). Below is a table that shows the performance of the company over the four years whose full results will be presented in the appendices of the paper. The fiscal year is Jan - Dec 2013 2014 2015 2016 Cash 1.6B 2.2B 1.39B 1.59B Marketable Securities 321M 29M 2.02B 3.39B Receivables 9.33B 10.68B 12.4B 14.58B Notes Receivable 3.1B 4.28B 4.18B 5.35B Other Current Assets 267M 378M 655M 833M Total Current Assets 14.62B 17.57B 20.65B 25.73B The graphical representation of the financial performance of t PayPal produces the following results(Cardenal, 2016) : capstonewriting.com ’ PAYPAL 4 Source: https://www.fool.com/investing/2016/09/19/PayPal-stock-in-5-charts.aspx Comparison with competitors Although PayPal was the pioneer in an era of digital payments, the field is becoming more attractive and therefore more tech giants are getting into the equation. Among the biggest competitors currently are Alipay, Amazon pay services, and JD finance (Gray, 2017). Payoneer and Skrill are also popular methods of sending and receiving money especially for individuals who work online. One major advantage that these companies have is that most of them affiliated with some form of e-commerce social providers. These companies can therefore easily tap on the capstonewriting.com PAYPAL 5 consumers who purchase from their website. There is an increased need to manage individual passwords and the increase in the possibility of using click-to-pay service the better (Tsukayama, 2013). These companies offer an easier option to pay when one is purchasing from these websites. The need for ease of payments has encouraged the rise of signing in with services such as Facebook and Google logins to access payment methods (Tsukayama, 2013). PayPal itself has been propelled to success through its previous relationship with eBay. It is therefore certain that an association with an e-commerce platform such as Amazon and Aliexpress for Alipay is a great advantage. Although competitors are increasing their muscle, the dominance already created by PayPal will be difficult to change. In 2016, PayPal received an increase of 21 million accounts compared to 12million new accounts for Amazon payments (Gray, 2017). Currently, the company has almost 200 million active accounts and 35million more accounts from merchants. On the other side, Amazon Payment has about 33 million accounts (Gray, 2017). PayPal is, therefore, expanding faster despite its already large consumer base. PayPal universal nature as an independent company from eBay is perhaps a propelling industry. To avoid having multiple accounts which increases the chances of forgetting passwords and suffering from fraud, individuals prefer payment methods that will fit across the board. It is, therefore, discouraging for consumers to choose a payment method such as Alipay which will only serve on a single e-commerce platform unless they shop extensively with the traders on the platform. With increased visibilities of global e-commerce platforms, many consumers are not loyal to a single selling point. The success of PayPal on e-Bay was largely due to the primacy of eBay as an e-commerce platform (Beulah, 2017). When PayPal was being established and its subsequent absorption into e-bay, the industry was still new with the limited online selling of which

How does increased physical activity impact the quality of life of people with Cystic Fibrosis who engage in physical exercises/activities? b. What are the barriers and facilitators of increased engagement in physical activity in persons living with cystic Fibrosis? c. What are some of the interventions that can motivate persons living with CF to engage in physical activities?

How does increased physical activity impact the quality of life of people with Cystic Fibrosis who engage in physical exercises/activities?

b. What are the barriers and facilitators of increased engagement in physical activity in persons living with cystic Fibrosis?

c. What are some of the interventions that can motivate persons living with CF to engage in physical activities?

Researchers must adhere to ethical standards to preserve the subjects’ rights, dignity, and well-being while ensuring their safety. The first stage in implementing the proposed intervention would consist of ensuring that every participant has been approved to be included in the intervention. Informed consent, the process by which participants in an intervention can provide their authorization to take part voluntarily and without being coerced, will be sought (Liew & Winston, 2021). Before agreeing to sign up for the structured physical exercise program, they will be given detailed information to consider regarding the intervention: the risks and benefits of participation, the consequences of not participating, and their right to withdraw from the intervention at any time they wish to do so.

Analysis of Disadvantages Faced by Men within the Family Legal System

Analysis of Disadvantages Faced by Men within the Family Legal System Chapter 1 – Introduction Context of Family Legal Proceedings and Family Law Act 1996 Legal branches covering marriage, separation, divorce, custody, support and so on, make up the crust of the legal system. Interwoven in the legal architecture of family law are subtle parallels that determine the results of these proceedings. There have been times when family law was built on traditional gender roles and society's assumptions regarding their responsibilities in the family, and in such cases, one gender would have been favored over the other in different areas of family life. It is the origins of modern family law which can be traced to the primitive societies which were made up of absolutely male controlled family concept. , Traditionally family systems were divided gender based due to laws and religious teachings that have had the effect of discriminating against men and women in rights and responsibilities roles concerning the home setting. However, with the spread of the concept of gender balancing and an increase in the level of legitimacy of such activities the family law slowly but surely transformed. The landmark court decisions and legislative reforms were aimed at tackling discriminatory practices and ensuring fairness in family law court processes. Women's liberation in the 20th century and the women's rights movement brought about major alterations in how family law was perceived and applied. Among them were milestones such as landmark judgments of women participating in property ownership and making their own decisions within marriage. These decisions have contributed to the cause of gender equality in family law. Nevertheless, there was some significant development in relationship between law and society leading to identification of the particular area where inequality exists still - men. Although the patriarchal form has been imperceptibly undermined the influence of patriarchal Last Name 7 attitudes and their prejudice are still undermining judgement and legal outcomes. Internally within the family legal sphere, some constructed and particular gender assumptions and stereotypes were privileged by the judicial interpretations of the gender issues and the events. Notwithstanding the fact that the family law is intertwined with broader societal issues (such as economics, culture, and politics) gender-based struggles are intensified in the course of the legal proceedings. Economic inequalities easily conflict the partners and then mediate the choicemaking regarding alimony, property division, and financial allowance. Cultural norms and faiths can as well be interconnected with legal systems, exemplifying the social acceptance of marriage and divorce of parents rather in varied societies. The Family Law Act 1996 was intended by the UK Parliament to replace those old laws based on no-fault on divorce1 . The initiative has planned all of these initial stages such as information sessions, mediation, and the provision of legal aid related to family law matters. Criticism focusing on the so-called indifference, unrealistic priorities, and loneliness because of a new no-fault divorce system was also expressed. The basic condition of denying and recognizing own fault puts really difficult obstacles instead. Finally, the Act imposed formidable reforms but the matter was far from being complex. Apart from that, there remained a lot of problems in the family law system, especially for the men when they are divorced. Overview of the Research Problem This research problem focuses on the structural disadvantages men encounter within the household legal system. Despite the progress with perceived social norms and reliable legal reform, men may still encounter some challenges in every area of family law litigation. 1,2 The

Title: The Identity of Iranian Jewry in Israel and reasons Behind Low Responses to Immigration and not having a Sense of Belonging in Israel

Title: The Identity of Iranian Jewry in Israel and reasons Behind Low Responses to Immigration and not having a Sense of Belonging in Israel Introduction The rise of Jewish nationalism in the late 19th century was a response to centuries of persecution and discrimination. Jews had been exiled from their homeland, Israel, by the Roman Empire in AD 70 and were subsequently forced to live as minorities in countries around the world. In addition to facing economic and social barriers, Jews were often the target of violence and bigotry. The emergence of political Zionism—a movement to establish a Jewish state in Israel—was a direct response to this hostile environment. Zionist leaders such as Theodor Herzl argued that the only way to ensure the safety and prosperity of the Jewish people was to create their own sovereign state. While Herzl's dream of a Jewish state was not realized during his lifetime, his ideas laid the groundwork for the eventual establishment of the State of Israel in 1948. Today, Jewish nationalism remains a powerful force in Israeli politics, and the country continues to be a refuge for Jews who face persecution elsewhere in the world. As a result of these factors, Iranian Jews in Israel often feel like they do not belong in either Iran or Israel. This can lead to a sense of rootlessness and isolation. It can also lead to low levels of immigration to Israel. The study will be conducted through interviews with Iranian Jews who have recently immigrated to Israel. The interviewees will be asked about their experiences moving to Israel, how they have been received by Israelis, and how they see themselves fitting into Israeli society.

THE IMPACT OF E-COMMERCE ON RETAILERS IN THE UK

1.1 Introduction and Background E-commerce, called electronic commerce, also known as e-business is found when there is an operation of goods and services through the use of the internet or electronic communications. Electronic commerce has generally been known by the public in the last decade or less but in fact, E-commerce has existed for about thirty years now (Stewart, 2008). Stewart (2008) mentioned in (Sawanibi, 2001) that e-commerce was created through the development of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), the exchange of business information from one computer to another. EDI was created in the 1960s when transport companies and retail businesses were trying to initiate "paperless" offices. In the 1970s, EDI was officially used by the Accredited Standards Committee of industry deputies, since then, many companies started to use EDI throughout the 1970s and 1980s (Lucking-Reiley, 2000). An example of e-commerce today is, that companies use EDI to transfer funds, place orders and exchange financial information through computers. E-commerce is one of the major drivers of growth of retail business in several economies in both developed and developing countries. In accordance with the study conducted in 2014, by the United Kingdom Centre of Retail Research, it is estimated that the retail business generated ₤38.8 billion from e-commerce in 2013, taking into account that the forecast was assumed to be ₤45 billion by the end of 2014 (Lucking-Reile

African American parents barriers/challenges to mental health services for their child with autism while living in a rural area

Problem Statement The literature review asserts that about 10% of African American children have been suffering from emotional or some behavioral disorders; the cause of this disorder is the impairment in functioning, learning, development, and daily activities. All the research conducted on children who have autism revealed that there is a highlighted and observable gap between the actual ratio and the recorded ratio. It is asserted that there is a dire need to address the problem associated with autism patients, taking into account the heed given to the observations that are manually recorded. Although a lot of research has been carried out on the analysis of the disease, since 2000, however, the barriers associated with the disease are also variant, taking into account that there are several barriers to the provision of healthcare services. The initial studies revealed that barriers to the treatment of disease are lack of awareness that mitigates the empowerment about the disease, however, the other literature reviews assert tha

Prospectus Catholic School Educators’ Perspectives Regarding Inclusive Practices for Students with Disabilities

Prospectus: Catholic School Educators’ Perspectives Regarding Inclusive Practices for Students with Disabilities Problem Statement In 1975, the United States government formulated laws that called for the inclusion of students with disabilities (SWD) in general education settings (Education, 2010, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA),2009). Current legislation mandates that all SWD have the right to free and appropriate education (IDEA, 2009). One problem facing Catholic schools in the United States is that little is known about teachers' perspectives on their perceived capability to implement inclusion practices for SWD. (Burke & Griffin, 2016, Garrett, et, al. 2017, Lalvanis (2015). All public schools have to adhere to these laws and regulations and comply; schools have developed inclusion practices that ensure that the needs of SWD are met. (Abbey-Bell, 2017; Burke & Griffin, 2016; Catholic Diocese, 2014). Some practices that public schools have implemented include the hiring of special education teachers and paraprofessionals, professional development and training of general education teachers, and provision of additional resources for accommodations and modifications of curriculum and instruction (Kurth, Lyon, & Shogren, 2015). The problem for elementary educators in Catholic schools is that since private and religious institutions are not required to adhere to the Americans with Disabilities Act ADA and Individuals with Disabilities Education Act IDEA laws that call for the inclusion of SWD students, the educators who have SWD in their classrooms often have limited access to professional development, support, and targeted disabilities resources necessary to implement inclusion

Dissertation: The Role of Big Data Analytics in Improving Decision-Making in Global Maritime Business

Innovations that have been brought up in the recent past reflect how big data enhances ourganisational perfourmance and minimises the effects on the environment. Four instance, real-time analysis of the shipping vessels' sensours four better course planning dominates fuel usage, which in turn helps in controlling emissions (X. Wang et al., 2020). Some pourts, including Rotterdam, have incourpourated big data solutions in the running of the pourts, predict the time four maintenance, and improve the overall Role of Big Data Analytics 10 pourt perfourmance (Simoni et al., 2022). In the SCM (Supply Chain Management) context, big data allows monitouring the cargo in real-time, providing overall insight into the shipment movement from the sender's to the receiver's site, which contributes towards the identification of potential challenges in the supply chain and thus enhances the logistics (Islam, Sayed and Suhrab, 2022). As the global challenges affecting the industry persist and the cost of operations keeps on rising regulatoury framewourks scaling the operational costs, BDA emerges as a strategic tool four decision-making, market intelligence, and sustainable maritime operations (Kigo, Omondi and Omolo, 2023). Therefoure, this research intends to extend these aspects and show how big data can transfourm the international maritime environment and decision-making processes. 1.2.Scope of the Project In this study, the field of study is limited to advanced tools, and the use of BDA four enhancing decision-making in the international maritime sectour. The research provides a focus on the application of big data in ourganisational perfourmance, supply chain, market insights, and sustainability. This research also reviews the application of big data in route planning, maintenance schedule fourecasting, and perfourmance assessment of vessels, which, in turn, leads to increased operational efficiency and reduced costs. Furthermoure, the research will investigate the role of analyzing big data in enhancing the transparency in supply chains, especially in pourts and logistics where the real-time visibility of the supply chain is assumed to enhance coourdination mechanisms prevailing in global trade operations (He, Xue and Gu, 2020; Moshood et al., 2021). Role of Big Data Analytics 11 In addition, the study seeks to evaluate the applicability of big data in market analysis and contribute to determining the evolution patterns, competitours' strategies, and the new business oppourtunities and risks four the maritime businesses' decisionmaking processes. Regarding the sustainability aspect, the research will exploure how BDA assists in achieving environmental objectives like emission reduction and energy optimisation, which mirrours the trend of increased scrutiny of environmentally-related regulations in the maritime industry (Yan, Wang and Psaraftis, 2021; Boviatsis and Vlachos, 2022). Thus, the focus on these research areas allows four tracing the company's broad spectrum of big data applications across numerous aspects of the maritime industry, including factours that affect efficiency, strategy, and sustainability. This study is useful to the existing knowledge base by highlighting the general issues and prospects of adopting BDA in physical processes in the maritime industry (de la Peña Zarzuelo, Freire Soeane and López Bermúdez, 2020). Altogether, the scope suggests a compre

EMPLOYEES PERCEPTION OF LEADERSHIP IN A CULTURALLY DIVERSE ORGANIZATION: QUALITATIVE CASE STUDY

The purpose of this qualitative case study is to identify employee perceptions of effective and ineffective leadership in a culturally diverse organization. How ineffective leadership is responsible for generating inappropriate interaction in the workplace, taking into account the fact that employees' perception varies with experience. Inappropriate interaction in the workplace can ultimately result in miscommunication, inappropriate interactive behavior, and violence in the workplace (Alvesson, et, al. 2015). The focus of this study will be on the culturally diverse employee's perception of ineffective leadership through a shared experience of the employees who are a diverse population and work for the same culturally diverse organization. The participants will include ten employees who have experienced effective and ineffective leadership within a culturally diverse organization; these participants will be interviewed and recruited for the study. The participants will convey their experiences with both effective and ineffective leadership; where the impact of effective leadership can be traced in terms of professional interaction, taking into account communication, interaction, and teamwork. Side by side, the experience of the participants will act as a guide to know the circumstances of ineffective leadership, taking into account the impact ineffective leadership can have on the organizational goals and the capabilities of employees. The participants from culturally diverse backgrounds have worked with leaders, such as Supervisors, Managers, and Administrative Team Leaders who have displayed both effective and ineffective leadership practices. For instance, the employee's experiences with ineffective leadership have led to a lack of communication, miscommunication,

The Impact of Workplace Automation on the Relationship Between Unemployment and Economic Growth Rate How the relationship between unemployment and economic growth rate changed as the workplace becomes increasingly automated?

Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the relationship between workplace automation and unemployment. It is thought that an increase in productivity is indicative of increasing workplace automation; if this were found to correspond with an increase in unemployment it could be a sign that automation is replacing human workers. A comparative analysis of the manufacturing,

transport and construction industries in the UK revealed that growth had risen while employment fell across all three industries. This indicates that in these sectors automation may have replaced human workers, and that there is a lack of sufficient training and education to have had a preventative effect. An interesting finding in the transport, communication and storage sector is also discussed which may provide evidence for an effect of automation of growth independent of employment.

Introduction
Increasingly automation has altered the way that unemployment rates and economic output interact. As such any findings in this area would have far reaching consequences in current economic theory and practice. United Kingdom statistics from the manufacturing, transport and construction industries (long term unemployment and gross GDP) will be compared, with rates of growth acting as a measure of increasing workplace automation, to try and draw a relationship between these factors. The hypothesis is that a raise in economic output that does not simultaneously reduce unemployment rates as is usually expected, could indicate that automation of the workplace is changing the way in which unemployment and output interact, such that

traditional economic models may fail to fully explain and predict the phenomenon. It may be that as a result of automation, unemployment is maintained at a baseline, as jobs increasingly demand higher skill sets. There is some ambiguity in the current research, Aghion and Howitt (1990) and

Casey (2018) seem to reflect a more up to date view of economic models of economic growth and unemployment with regards to labour saving workplace automation. As such the current study will attempt to elaborate on the findings of these studies and further clarify the relationship between these factors.

Literature review
The global economy is becoming increasingly automated; we self-scan our items at the supermarket and shop online, call centers rely on answering machines and manufacturing is more and more reliant on automated production. While this may seem to indicate that there is no place for human labour in many industries, it is also argued that increasingly automated workspaces are a source of new investment and employment opportunities for highly skilled and valuable human labour. Melanie, Terry & Ulrich (2016).

The relationship between the number of overdoses and hospital administering opiates while in the emergency department.

Problem Statement
Opioid prescriptions increased sharply reaching a peak of 2.7 million during the past decade. For example, between 1999 and 2011, the number of people using hydrocodone increased by more than two-fold while the number of people using oxycodone increased by more than five fold (Phillips, Ford, and Bonnie, 2017). The study also indicates mortality rates, as well as readmissions rates into the emergency department, are related to opioid overdose which has increased by approximately four-fold thus representing a significant portion of healthcare expenditures. Gesensway, 2016) established that these healthcare expenditures could be detrimental especially to providers in regions with high rates of addiction. Additionally, readmits create problems with increasing health concerns and length of stay which have come with recurring visits in the emergency departments, financial burdens on non-payments with insurance companies and an indigent patient, and medicated assisted treatment with its effect after discharge-continued use (Gesensway, 2016).

This research proposal is directed at the effect that readmissions have on hospitals/facilities that help people who have issues with the use/misuse of opiates drugs. The population usually are seeking intervention by force or after a fatal abuse of the drug. (Burrows, 2016). There is a gap in treatment and interventions that have provided low levels of outcome care that has caused continued misuse of medication and street drugs and have caused deaths/overdoses and readmissions into hospitals (Lester, 2018). Emergency department visit provides an opportunity for active engagement between healthcare providers and their patients when it comes to an acute change in health. As developed by Lester (2018) active participation is encompassed on both reflection and discussion that tends to motivate patients in changing their behaviors. In some cases, the connection is evident while the motivation concept is used by healthcare providers in drug opioid overdose intervention in the intention of engaging patients into positive behavior change.

Purpose of the Study
The purpose of this study is to challenge current practices that administrators have encountered that have not been effective in minimizing the readmission of opiate use/abuse/deaths. The research will also be based on quantitative and qualitative data that increases the relationship between patient hospital readmission and current drug use patterns. The relationship between the number of overdoses and hospital administering opiates while in the emergency department. (Enos, 2019) The measurements will be based on how the level of treatment is not met when the apparent need is treatment programs

A Comparative Study of the fast food industry of China and the UK

1. INTRODUCTION
One of the fastest growing industries in the world today is the fast food industry with companies operating within this industry investing significant amounts of money as a way of increasing demand for the products offered. Two main factors that have prompted the substantial increase in growth for the industry are quick service and fantastic taste with the companies in this industry focusing more on research and development as a way of advancing their menus. According to Qin, Prybutok, and Zhao (2010, p.434), although the fast food menu was developed in the West, the demand for fast food products has increased significantly in different parts of the world. That has been attributed to the fact that the majority of the companies operating in this industry have been on the forefront towards advancing their investments in different markets around the world.

Some of the major companies operating in the fast food industry, which include McDonald's and Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) have ventured into the fast food industry in emerging markets such as China. The venturing of these two companies into emerging markets has created a significant boom in the industry considering that they have focused much of their attention towards building progressive avenues from which to capture the attention of the consumers. Additionally, this has also played a critical role in promoting knowledge of fast food products among consumers in different parts of the world. Embarking on a comparative study focusing on the fast food industry in the United Kingdom and China is essential, as it would help

in examining some of the critical differences that companies in this industry are experiencing in the two markets.

However, it is essential to take note of the fact that marketing strategies have also played a key role towards ensuring that the companies advance their positions in building that proactive position in the world today. The approaches taken as part of the marketing process tend to vary from one country to another considering that consumers tend to have varied levels of appeal towards the fast food products offered (Tan, Oriade, and Fallon, 2014, p.44). From that view, it is essential to take note of the fact that indeed fast food companies have a crucial role towards ensuring that they develop differentiated strategies that would enhance their achievement of set objectives. In that view, the focus for this study was to conduct a comparative analysis on two fast food markets, which are China and the United Kingdom with the intention of having to determine the levels of response among consumers.

LGBTQ issues in Jamaica and fleeing a life of persecution Statement of the Research Topic

The issue of the rights of the lesbians, gay, bisexual, transsexual, and the queers, also known as LGBTQ, in short, has been approached differently by the various countries in the world (Smith, 2018). Some countries have been known to have a homophobic a transphobic approach to the issue of same-sex relationships and marriages. Such countries include Jamaica. In Jamaica, the LGBTQ persons have faced open violence from the larger society and have been known to be treated as social outcasts with their families and friends cutting their ties with them due to their sexual orientation (Smith, 2018). The Jamaican treatment against the LGBT people has been in existence in the twenty-first century where many international organizations such as the United Nations have been fighting for the rights of the human beings, regardless of their sexual orientation. That has been viewed as a counter-intuitive approach to human rights as displayed in the country (Smith, 2018).

Chapter 5: Best Practices to Improve Nursing Staff Retention

Nursing staff low retention rate is one issue of great concern within the healthcare organization. The main reasons associated with a low retention rate of nurses are unavailable or poor leadership, lesser peer support, and lower level of satisfaction due to the absence of employee empowerment. The most appropriate practice hence is for the top leadership to gain some understanding and initiate some authentic skills of leadership that move a long way with the empowerment of individual staff members. Developing a style of leadership which is authentic in the organization assists in moving such organization towards a higher rate of employee’s retention (Burke, Flanagan, Ditomassi & Hickey, 2017). Literature affirms that authentic leadership within healthcare institutions is more of being pro engagements and taking an active role of members of staff within the

Chapter 4: Nurse Retention As A Result Of Transformational Leadership

Nurses are not only considered as vital stakeholders but play essential roles in the daily operations of any healthcare institution. Without a higher rate of nurse retention, not even one single health organization can be able to realize its perceived objectives. Several organizations currently report that nurses tend to remain at the organizations only for a limited period, mostly 18 to 24 months 27 (Nelson et al., 2014). It has become a great challenge for different health institutions; even the academic teaching hospitals to retain some of their best’s nurses in the profession without keeping them empowered and engaged in their essential duties

Chapter 3: Influence of Leadership Style on Staff Nurse Retention

Chapter 3: Influence of Leadership Style on Staff Nurse Retention
Leadership has been widely researched in various behavioral sciences. The broad research here is because the success of social, economic, and organizational systems usually depends on the general efficiency and effectiveness of the guidance that leaders provide. Organizations are traditionally classified as social frameworks within which human resources are considered as the essential components for effectiveness and proficiency. Great leadership has received considerable attention within the popular press, and renowned authors on organizational management have discussed its benefits on organizational performance and employee satisfaction and retention. Literature conceptualized great leadership as a way of life and not as a management technique. Perhaps this has slowed the overall acceptance of this leadership theory in academia. Organizations always need great leadership together with employees who are highly satisfied for them to accomplish their goals. By registering some individual capabilities, abilities, and authorities, it is expected of leaders to have a higher capacity of developing a more clear leadership style to help the organizations realize their intended objectives.

Using a sample of 520 staff nurses, Lartey, Cummings & Profetto‐McGrath (2014) did

examine if psychological empowerment mediated the effects that transformational leadership has on the general organizational commitment. The study also examined the structural distance between the leaders and the immediate followers moderated the relationship which is there between transformational leadership and overall organizational commitment. The cross-sectional study design was used in this case, with the result from HLM analysis showing that

psychological empowerment to mediate the relationship which is there between transformational leadership and overall commitment of the employee to the organization.

Existing evidence has also shown that transformational leadership is positively correlated with work behaviors and attitudes at both the organizational and individual level. It is important to note, however, that the process and mechanisms through which transformational leaders exert their influence on the performance and motivation of their juniors are yet to be adequately addressed by the existing literature. It is noted that indeed, there is a great need for much attention being put forward to understand the general process and mechanisms through which transformational leadership tends to influence the attitude of employees and their subsequent intention to remain at the place of work. Literature indicates that one organizational and personal factor that affects organizational performance and subsequently the purpose of the employees to continue staying in the organization is a commitment by leadership. Transformational leaders influence the commitment that junior nurses have towards the organization by encouraging the aspect of critical thinking and involving them in essential decision making — a direction that answers to the desire of the junior nurses to experience very minimal cases of nurse turnover. Such views had been supported by the previous study which indicated that organizational commitment is higher among nurses whose leaders encourage the aspect of participation in the whole process of decision making.

In transformational leadership, for instance, “the main motivational forces rely on the desire to treat members of an organization with the greatest dignity they deserve.” Frederick (2014) stated that most health institutions in the US practice transformational leadership at all times. This leadership style is based on “giving supportive support and being involved with the people.” Hence, most managers use transformational leadership to impact the wellbeing of their

employees effectively. Blake, Leach, Robbins, Pike & Needleman (2013) defines leadership culture of an organization as “necessary for the successful development and growth of a modern institution.” They describe the four primary constructs associated with transformational leadership in an organization: (1) persuasive mapping, (2) emotional healing, (3) altruistic calling, and (4) transparency.

Al‐Hamdan, Nussera & Masa'deh (2016) carried out a study to describe the perceptions

on managerial leadership behaviors that are related to the staff nurse turnover and to make a comparison of the nurse manager leadership behaviors as assumed by the nurses as well as nurse managers. The descriptive, correlational study, in this case, was carried out at a 465-bed community hospital in the north of the United States. All the staff nurse managers that had been employed in both the ambulatory and acute care nursing units were called together to take part in the study. It

The Influence of Authentic Leadership and Empowerment on Nursing Staff Retention [Original source: https://prothesiswriter.com/samples/the-influence-of-authentic-leadership-and-empowerment-on-nursing-staff-retention]

Chapter 1: Introduction
Problem background
Turnover among the nursing staff is an issue that severely impacts the performance and profitability of medical institutions. Any institution within the pharmaceutical sector usually needs highly trained, fully committed and stable nursing staff to offer adequate medical care to their clients. Despite the greater need for more nurses, the current rate of nursing turnover is still alarming (Barbato, 2013). It is assumed that the problem of nursing turnover will even increase within the next few years, as growth in the healthcare industry continues to outnumber the supply of nurses who are present at the current times. It is roughly approximated that there will be at least one million shortages of nurses within the US by 2020.

Literature indicates that employee retention is a crucial measure for establishing the fiscal and the general health of an institution. Any dynamic within the place of work that drives a higher turnover rate among the employees should always be modified at its earliest time. Employers within the healthcare institution who fail to make assessment of the seriousness of employee turnover are boycotting very essential resources in the institution that have negative impact on the overall financial interests of the institution, the whole process of nursing care, patient care, and positive healthy working environment for both the patients and staff (Barbato, 2013). For example, it is approximated that nursing staff turnover accounts for more than 5% of the total working budget of Kaiser Permanente Hospital and this is always compelled with loss of a very instrumental group of nursing staff. The literature demonstrates that having a better working environment between employees and top organizational leadership can reduce the nurse turnover rate (Choi & Ahn, 2016). The leadership can do this by improving the perception

concerning employees’ engagement, organizational support, team cohesion and lastly, connection to the mission of the medical institution.

Problem statement
Nursing staff retention in the healthcare industry is of great concern. The high turnover rate of these professional workers has posed significant challenges to healthcare institutions and other agencies who are concerned with healthcare. Nursing is an academic discipline and profession whose primary goal is to improve the quality of life and wellbeing of individuals, groups, community and the entire population. They perform this role through direct practice, organizing the communities, policy, research, teaching, and crisis interventions. Their analysis and methods are always concerned with the counseling, social policy, psychotherapy, social program evaluation, and community development (Hoch, Bommer, Dulebohn & Wu, 2016). The practice of professional nursing means undertaking acts which need a functional level of judgment, knowledge, as well as skills in nursing, all based on physical, biological and social sciences. The scope of practice as a licensed nurse is to maintain health, promote wellness, and prevent diseases or illness from members of the community.

Despite the expectation to perform all these crucial roles, there have been high cases of turnover among nursing employees. The retention rate is so low while the percentage of people who are planning to leave the profession continues to increase day by day. Several research articles have shown that more than 43 percent of nurses in community mental health departments and 39 percent of nurses in family services are very likely to leave their jobs within the next two years. The findings also report that there is a 50 percent yearly turnover rate among mental health nursing workers at the community, and over 60 percent turnover rate each year among the general human services nursing workers (Hoch, Bommer, Dulebohn & Wu, 2016).

Retention of nursing staff is a very critical affair that must be given the priority within healthcare institutions, considering the essential roles that such nurses usually play in offering appropriate health care. The literature demonstrates that the present rate of nursing turnover has a severe impact not only to the nurses themselves but also to the organization and the patients. Nurses are not only considered as vital stakeholders, but they play essential functions in the daily running of healthcare institutions. Without having higher retention of nurses, not even a single healthcare organization can be in a position of achieving its intended objectives (Jaramillo, Bande & Varela, 2015). Nursing turnover has a human cost that is strongly linked to poor quali

A Comparison of Outcomes for Lipid Emulsions in Total Parenteral Nutrition Among Home Infusion Patients

However, the delivery of lipids via TPN has presented certain dangers which may induce complications if not managed effectively. For instance, if a patient receives too much fat or oil-based lipid emulsion, this can lead to elevated triglyceride levels or even fat overload syndromes, such as hyperviscosity or HTGP. This risk is further compounded by the potential for hypersensitivity reactions due to many lipids' bioactive components, such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), phytosterols, and the added Vitamin E. Such an overload of lipids may sound alarming; however, any potential toxicity from a TPN program can be well contained when appropriately managed. The introduction of too much fat into the diet can be detected quickly and monitored through biochemical parameters such as blood triglycerides. Hyperviscosity and its associated HTGP are most commonly seen with prolonged high doses of TPN containing large amounts of fat emulsion. It is imperative to monitor the lipid emulsion in the TPN mixture, with particular attention to the amounts taken in. One way to minimize any potential adverse effects is to slowly increase the doses of TPN over time and monitor the Total Essential Fatty Acid intake levels relative to caloric intake. Hypersensitivity reactions due to elements within TPN mixtures are also a concern that should be closely monitored by healthcare provider personnel (Boullata et al., 2021). These occur more rarely than the more common occurrences of fat overload syndromes and have been detected in children and adults who have been administered TPN-containing PUFAs. High amounts of Vitamin E. Prompt protocols for discontinuing TPN and replacing it with another form of nutrition delivery should be swiftly enacted upon clinical observation or any suspicion of an allergic reaction or hypersensitivity response resulting from its bioactive components. Lastly, because TPN is generally utilized for those with a compromised gastrointestinal system and those in long-term treatment, there is also an increased risk for infection from any foreign object administered intravenously through their central veins. ASEPSIS protocol should be strictly adhered to when administering TPN continuously in order to reduce any potential entry points for microorganisms into the bloodstream as much as possible, as well as performing comprehensive tests prior to each dose to determine any contamination or toxicity levels present prior to infusion (Sastry & Deepashree, 2019). The danger that may arise following the administration of lipids via TPN can be effectively managed by healthcare personnel if they are mindful of all the necessary parameters to keep in check throughout the process of administering these compounds, thus ensuring an optimal nutritional delivery system without 5 exposing patients to unnecessary danger or risk (Caro‐Bautista et al., 2021). Available Knowledge The administration of lipid emulsions as part of Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is complex, requiring careful consideration of the multiple components involved in formulating an effective emulsion. Previous clinical studies have extensively explored the effects of intravenous lipids and their associated benefit in specific indications. These research studies have indicated that certain formulations of lipids, such as those with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), phytosterols, Vitamin E, or other antioxidants, may be particularly beneficial. Omega-3 PUFAs present in many lipid emulsions offer antioxidant benefits for the body, thus conferring a protective effect on cells from free radical damage and thus promoting the anti-inflammatory response. Omega-3 fatty acids also have cardiovascular benefits that may reduce the incidence of cardiovascular abnormalities and mortality (Djuricic & Calder, 2021). Phytosterols are plant-derived sterols commonly found in vegetable oils. They have been proposed as useful components of lipid emulsions due to their potential role in regulating inflammation and enhancing immune functions. Vitamin E is an important antioxidant, which scavenge free radicals present in lipid emulsions and provides protective effects against oxidative damage. Selecting an adequately balanced emulsion is crucial for optimal TPN effects. Studies have shown that excessive and prolonged exposure to intravenous lipids or fat overload can disrupt normal cell physiology, causing inflammation and microvascular dysfunction in multiple organs and leading to other complications such as impaired hepatic glucose metabolism, disruption of tissue lipids, and increased morbidity. Additionally, lipid emulsions are thought to influence how some drugs are delivered and assimilated within the body and thus should be used cautiously in patients taking certain pharmaceuticals. It is also important to consider the method of administration, which can include bolus infusion, manual addition during TPN

DISPOSITION AND KNOWLEDGE OF NURSES TOWARD THE MANAGEMENT OF PAIN IN THE ACUTE CARE SETTING

CHAPTER I

The concept of disparities in pain management among lower socioeconomic groups as well as the disparities in the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare providers is fundamental to this study. Because of inequalities in the healthcare field, many obstacles impede equitable pain management. Larger health-related societal inequities also contribute to disparities. Healthcare expenses can be a burden for lower socioeconomic groups. Whether it is underinsurance or unequal insurance coverage distribution, the insurance cost can be financially restrictive for those in the lower socioeconomic group. Segregated communities that have poor access to pharmacies, as well as insufficient public transportation systems, can limit the proper care for lower socioeconomic groups. Additionally, inadequate training and knowledge can be a burden for lower socioeconomic groups (Schillinger, 2021). For example, instead of performing a thorough examination of the patient’s symptoms, the nurse may be over-reliant on pain scales. Consequently, leading to insufficient care and failed nurse-patient communication or relationship. Notwithstanding evidence-based recommendations, there are conscious or unconscious negative racial attitudes and stereotypes that influence clinical decision-making. Thus, the staff’s lack of cultural competence or awareness may adversely affect the patient's quality of life, socially and physically. Because of inadequate support for nondiscriminatory diagnosis and treatment from pain organizations (Wyatt, 2013), a person of lower socioeconomic status may experience disparities in pain management.

Background

According to Morales & Yong, (2020), recent research studies have indicated strong evidence to show a negative relationship between non-White racial groups and the management of chronic pain. The association between chronic pain and quality of life appears to be influenced by a patient's sociodemographic profile ( Morales & Yong, 2021).

Chronic pain management standards of care that appropriately address differences have not been identified. To comprehend the causes of discrepancies and to pinpoint the stages of a patient's therapy when they are most susceptible to receiving subpar care, further research is required. Research with regard to disparities in pain management will aid to direct the creation and use of efficient interventions ( Morales & Yong, 2020).

Problem Statement

Nurses’ disposition and knowledge toward the management of pain place patients at risk for inappropriate treatment. Wyatt (2013), suggested that social and economic conditions are contributors to disparities in pain management. Pain Management is strongly influenced by race and ethnicity as well as by the social and economic conditions in which people work and live. Nurses are often biased and have misconceptions when treating pain in different racial and ethnic groups (Wyatt, 2013).

Purpose of the Study

The purpose of this quantitative correlation will be to determine the relationship between the disposition and knowledge of nurses toward the management of pain in the acute care setting.

Research Question

The research question that will guide this study is:
What is the relationship between the disposition and knowledge of nurses toward pain management in the acute care setting?

Definition of Terms

Acute Care Setting

Theoretical. All acts that are intended to promote, prevent, cure, treat, rehabilitate, or provide palliative care and whose major goal is to enhance health and whose effectiveness heavily relies on timely and frequently quick intervention are considered acute services (Hirshon et al., 2013); therefore, the acute care setting is one in which these services are provided.

Operational. For the purpose of this study, an acute care setting is defined as medical surgical and step-down units within a healthcare system in Northeastern Louisiana.

Disposition

Theoretical. It is the measuring of consistent patterns of habits in a person's behavior, thoughts, and emotions (Communication Theory, n.d.). Dispositions are a reasonably long-lasting inclination to behave in a certain way (Shum & Crick, 2012). Seigel (1999), indicated that indiv
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IT Leadership Strategies for Mitigating Security Risks in IoT-Integrated Big Data Analytics: A Study of the Financial Sector.

"IT Leadership Strategies for Mitigating Security Risks in IoT-Integrated Big Data Analytics: A Study of the Financial Sector"

Introduction:

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) devices with Big Data Analytics (BDA) has revolutionized the financial sector, enabling real-time data collection, predictive analytics, and enhanced customer experiences. However, this convergence also introduces significant security risks, including data breaches, unauthorized access, and cyberattacks. Effective IT leadership is critical to mitigating these risks while ensuring compliance with regulatory standards and maintaining customer trust. This study explores the strategies IT leaders can adopt to address security challenges in IoT-integrated BDA systems within the financial sector.

Research Questions:

What are the primary security risks associated with IoT-integrated Big Data Analytics in the financial sector?

How do IT leaders in the financial sector perceive and prioritize these risks?

What strategies are currently employed to mitigate security risks in IoT-BDA systems?

How can IT leadership frameworks be optimized to enhance security in IoT-BDA environments?

Objectives:

Identify and categorize security risks in IoT-integrated BDA systems used in the financial sector.

Evaluate the effectiveness of existing IT leadership strategies in mitigating these risks.

Propose a framework for IT leaders to enhance security in IoT-BDA systems.

Provide actionable recommendations for financial institutions to improve IoT-BDA security.

Methodology:

Literature Review:

Analyze academic and industry publications on IoT, Big Data Analytics, and cybersecurity in the financial sector.

Review IT leadership frameworks and their applicability to IoT-BDA security.

Qualitative Research:

Conduct semi-structured interviews with IT leaders, cybersecurity experts, and data scientists in financial institutions.

Use case studies of financial organizations that have successfully mitigated IoT-BDA security risks.

Quantitative Research:

Survey IT professionals in the financial sector to assess their perceptions of IoT-BDA security risks and mitigation strategies.

Analyze historical data on IoT-related security incidents in the financial sector.

Framework Development:

Develop a strategic framework for IT leaders to address IoT-BDA security risks, incorporating risk assessment, governance, and technology solutions.

Expected Contributions:

Theoretical Contribution:

A comprehensive understanding of the security risks in IoT-integrated BDA systems and the role of IT leadership in addressing them.

A novel framework for IT leaders to manage IoT-BDA security in the financial sector.

Practical Contribution:

Actionable strategies for financial institutions to enhance IoT-BDA security, including governance models, technology investments, and workforce training.

Insights into regulatory compliance and best practices for securing IoT-BDA systems.

Policy Implications:

Recommendations for policymakers to strengthen cybersecurity regulations for IoT and Big Data in the financial sector.

Proposed Chapters:

Introduction: Background, problem statement, research questions, and objectives.

Literature Review: IoT, Big Data Analytics, cybersecurity risks, and IT leadership in the financial sector.

Methodology: Research design, data collection, and analysis methods.

Findings: Analysis of security risks, IT leadership strategies, and case study insights.

Discussion: Int
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KNOWLEDGE OF SEPSIS IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT: A SURVEY AMONG REGISTERED NURSES

Chapter 1: Introduction Sepsis is a medical emergency that occurs when the body’s response to chemicals released into the bloodstream to fight infection is out of balance. This response triggers changes that can damage multiple organ systems (Gyawali, et. al., 2019. Progression of sepsis to septic shock causes a dramatic blood drop which may lead to death. Sepsis requires quick detection, administration of the appropriate antibiotics, and careful support to control the source of infection. The recognition of sepsis has been a major challenge which has resulted in higher numbers of annual incidence of severe sepsis and septic shock despite better management practices that are constantly evolving. Sepsis is an international problem whose burden is difficult to determine. Gyawali, et. al., (2019) indicate that more than 30 million individuals worldwide are affected by sepsis every year. The mortality rates in Europe were approximately 41 percent (Gyawali, et.al., 2019). The high mortality rates that are being recorded implies that this medical emergency is a significant problem in society despite the disease being the most expensive worldwide. Lee (2017) implies that one explanation that can be attributed to the high rates is the late clinical definition of sepsis, which occurred in the late 20th century. The incidence was due to a lack of effective microbials and supportive care, which prevented septic patients from surviving long enough to facilitate studies or the development of organ dysfunction (Gotts & Matthay, 2016). The improvement of care and outcomes were correlated with designed clinical trials. The process formed the basis of sepsis research and catalyzed the evolution of its clinical recognition and the designing of clinical trials. Despite the progress made, sepsis has still proven to be a medical issue that needs much attention. Time has proven to be a critical factor in sepsis treatment. The management of sepsis is a complicated clinical challenge that requires early recognition and management of the infection. Nurses are usually the first to triage a patient, which makes them have a significant r

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Machine learning project in computer vision technique for the viability of quantifying the treatment for stroke patients a deep neural network approach

Machine learning project in computer vision technique for the viability of quantifying the treatment for stroke patients a deep neural network approach

Training in limb recuperation speeds up the retrieval process and enhances the quality of life for stroke patients with hemiparalysis. Both doctors and patients must be aware of the patient's progress in recuperation.

The computer vision method, which can identify a patient's training action, movement trajectory, and activity status, can be used to monitor recuperation more precisely and effectively than wearable sensors or deep cameras. In the clinic, it is difficult to quantify the dynamic change of different training sessions to assess the progress of the recuperation, with the exception of static measures of real-time behaviour.

In this case study, we suggested a computational method to compare the upper limb's motion change. The upper limb joint points were first identified using Open Pose to pre-process the video data, and the positions of each joint point were then specified using Cartesian coordinates. Second, in order to determine the recuperation progress, we computed the similarity of the limb's lift angle and time in various training periods using the dynamic time warping algorithm.

The outcomes demonstrate that our approach can measure data and analyse the effectiveness of rehabilitative actions using a basic camera, which has a great potential for future diagnosis.

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Error Detection in Majority Logic Decoding of Euclidean Geometry Low Density Parity Check (EG-LDPC) Codes

In a recent paper, a method was proposed to accelerate the majority logic decoding of difference set low density parity check codes. This is useful as majority logic decoding can be implemented serially with simple hardware but requires a large decoding time. For memory applications, this increases the memory access time.

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Advanced Public Transportation System APTS/ Intelligent Transport System

One application implemented in APTS area is GPS vehicle tracking system in public transport buses (Bangalore, Chennai, Indore) to monitor vehicle routing and frequency .so that passengers do not have to wait long hours for a bus. .The objective is to provide Global Positioning System based passenger information system to help passengers utilize their waiting time at bus stops more efficiently as well as to reduce the uncertainty and associated frustrations. Display boards with high quality light emitting diode in wide-view angle are provided at bus stops so that passengers can read the information

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A sleep apnea keeper in a wearable device for Continuous detection and screening during daily life

A sleep apnea keeper in a wearable device for Continuous detection and screening during daily life

We intend to design a fully functional breathing monitor for the purpose of detecting events caused by sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is a sleeping disorder characterized by brief interruptions of breathing patterns. This interruption can last a couple seconds, or can be fatal where the patient never regains his or her breath.

We are designing an apparatus that can detect the patients breathing rate, and notify a person monitoring the patient via RF to a handheld monitor. An alarm is sounded at the handheld monitor if the patient’s breathing pattern changes, or halts. We are using pyroelectric sensors (infrared motion detectors) that measure the rate of change of temperature in a given area.

The use of this type of sensor allows us to monitor breathing with absolutely nothing attached to the patient. As well, these sensors are much cheaper then typical breathing monitors available. These features allow us to aim our product at the consumer market where it can be purchased cheaply, and is much less intrusive. Including additional ambient temperature sensors, and a microphone to detect noise, the system can send this information to a portable monitoring device to allow for a fully featured patient monitoring system.

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Reconfigurable FFT using CORDIC based architecture for MIMO-OFDM receivers

Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is one of the most important algorithm in signal processing and communications and is used in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. FFT are the crucial computational blocks to perform the baseband multicarrier demodulation in a MIMO OFDM system and the hardware complexity will be very high.

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Advanced Traffic Management System/ Automatic Number Plate Reader (ANPR) cameras

Advanced Traffic Management System/ Automatic Number Plate Reader (ANPR) cameras

ATMS involved a trial run of the fully automated Traffic Regulatory Management System (TRMS), Involving usage of surveillance cameras in the city of Chennai. This project involved installing sophisticated cameras, wireless towers and poles, under the Rs. 3-crore-State government funded project. Automatic Number Plate Reader (ANPR) cameras were installed in 28 out of 42 vantage points in the city, while „Pan Tilt Zoom‟ (PTZ) cameras were deployed in 10 out of 12 busy junctions identified. The traffic police also plan to install 40 CCTV cameras at various junctions.

This is to warn motorists who blatantly violate rules and monitor traffic on arterial roads during peak hours. This integrates various sub-systems (such as CCTV, vehicle detection, communications, variable message systems, etc.) into a coherent single interface that provides real time data on traffic status and predicts traffic conditions for more efficient planning and operations. Dynamic traffic control systems, freeway operations management systems, incident response systems etc. respond in real time to changing conditions.

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Success Factors Of Eu Science Diplomacy Impact On Public Health In The Arab World Introduction

Science diplomacy is generally of three kinds: Diplomacy for Science, which is focused on the facilitation of international scientific collaboration; Science in Diplomacy where the scientists are prompted towards supporting foreign policy; and Science for Diplomacy where science is used as a tool for building relations between states (Van Langenhove, Tools for an EU Science Diplomacy, 2017).

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Introduction to the Importance of Influenza Vaccination Among Healthcare Workers

Introduction

Influenza is referred to the viral infection which attacks and infects the respiratory system of the body that is lungs, nose and throat making individuals develop symptoms such as sore throat, cough, sneeze, headache and others (Grohskopf et al. 2019). The influenza flu is of different types and is found to more intricately affect the healthcare workers that make them face hindered health condition. However, effective vaccination for influenza is present which allows protection to individuals from getting affected by the disease. In this research study, the factors which influence uptake of vaccine for influenza among the healthcare workers are to be discussed. This is to understand the aspects responsible for making influenza vaccination important for healthcare workers. For this purpose, methodology is to be discussed where explanation of information regarding the way related to the study topic is to be collected. The way ethical considerations are to be ensured in the study is to be discussed

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Aim, Objectives, and Research Questions for the Study Aim The major aim of the study is to analyze the effect of non-adherence to medication and depression and anxiety on the type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aim, Objectives, and Research Questions for the Study

Aim

The major aim of the study is to analyze the effect of non-adherence to medication and depression and anxiety on the type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Effect of Non-Adherence to Management and Co-Commodities and Type of Personality on the Outcome of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Effect of Non-Adherence to Management and Co-Commodities and Type of Personality on the Outcome of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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Impact of policies and governmental strategies from 2005- 2021 to prevent smoking prevalence among teenagers in the UK

Impact of policies and governmental strategies from 2005- 2021 to prevent smoking prevalence among teenagers in the UK

The UK government has implemented several policies and strategies from 2005to 2021 to prevent smoking prevalence among teenagers and others. The interventions are focussed among all age groups in equal manner to avoid promotion of early smoking. The study by Bauld et al. (2016) aimed to determine the impact of NHS Stop Smoking Services for one year.

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Impact of Dietary Fiber Supplementation on Blood Glucose Levels

Impact of Dietary Fiber Supplementation on Blood Glucose Levels

Introduction

Carbohydrate absorption and metabolism play a critical role in a person’s wellbeing. Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that cannot be absorbed in the digestive tract. Fiber is also unique because of its inability to provide energy to the body. Both soluble and insoluble fiber variants are critical to human wellbeing. Consuming a high-fiber diet reduces the risks of contracting type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular ailments. This outcome is achieved through reductions in glycemic responses and a decrease in cholesterol concentrations. Consequently, this study sought to establish whether supplementing soluble fiber has corresponding benefits on human health.

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Understanding The Impact Of Ischemic Stroke On Peripheral Immune Responses Summary:

Understanding The Impact Of Ischemic Stroke On Peripheral Immune Responses

Summary:

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Promoting Equality and Diversity in Healthcare: The Case of Supporting Anthony's Well-being

According to NHS 2018, equality is the aspect in which everyone is treated equality and provided with equal facilities and privileges, in terms of making a fairer society [NHS, 2018]. In health and social care context, every individual has right to get fair treatment, support and care from care providers irrespective of their caste, religion, race, ethnicity and physical or mental disability.

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Unraveling the Mystery of Epilepsy: Understanding Seizures, Causes, and Neurological Impacts Introduction

Unraveling the Mystery of Epilepsy: Understanding Seizures, Causes, and Neurological Impacts

Introduction

Epilepsy refers to a disabling neurologic condition which is one of the most common conditions in the modern world. In order to understand this condition, one must first understand what a seizure is. A seizure can be defined as the resultant paroxysmal alteration effected by hypersynchronous and excessive discharge of neurons in certain parts of the brain. This alteration is usually an alteration of the neurologic function (Stafstrom & Carmant, 2015). This usually happens in two distinct ways: The first refers to the alteration from abnormal firing of the neurons; the second refers to that which is caused by a non-epileptic event. This is what distinguishes epileptic seizures. Epilepsy, thereof, is the condition that refers to unprovoked and recurrent seizures. Notably, not all persons who suffer from a seizure have epilepsy.

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Communication in Care: A Critical Exploration Using the Calgary Cambridge Model

Introduction

Communication is nursing is the process through which the information regarding healthcare is exchanged between individuals such as caregivers, family members, patients and physicians with the use of words, signs and behaviour. The communication is vital in nursing as it helps to develop interaction with patients to provide them information regarding care to avail informed consent from them, identify patients needs, resolve issues faced by the patients and provide care according to the demands of the patient. In this assignment, a critical review of the interaction performed between the nurse and the patient presented in the video is to be discussed by using the Calgary Cambridge model. In addition, the experience during review of the communication is to be analysed to discuss its strength and limitation. and offer the best possible insights into healthcare dissertation help.

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answer the question in relation to your chosen disease:summarise key aspects analysed.You can also refer to implications for policies/ interventions, or need for more research/or services.

answer the question in relation to your chosen disease:summarise key aspects analysed.You can also refer to implications for policies/ interventions, or need for more research/or services.

In conclusion I discussed how social model of health have the thoughts about health is not only associated with illness but also how social, economic and environment factors can influence individual health. Obesity is causes by many factors, for example there is a connection among unemployment and poor health to population. About one in ten people aged 16 to 64 year

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Provide an example: choose a disease/health condition and analyse it from the social model perspective (use journal articles). Provide relevant data/stats in relation to your chosen disease. [E.g. we discussed in class the social model applied to dementia care (W3) and bipolar disorders (by incorporating lay perspectives W5). Other conditions can include disabilities, mental health, end of life care, obesity].

Provide an example: choose a disease/health condition and analyse it from the social model perspective (use journal articles). Provide relevant data/stats in relation to your chosen disease. [E.g. we discussed in class the social model applied to dementia care (W3) and bipolar disorders (by incorporating lay perspectives W5). Other conditions can include disabilities, mental health, end of life care, obesity].

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Consider social model and its relation to Lay beliefs (W5):The social model of health suggests that a good understanding of lay knowledge can usefully inform expert knowledge

According to the lecture, sliceLay perspectives are about how the people respond to, interpret and experience health, illness and disease.The social model of health suggests that, a good understanding of lay knowledge can usefully inform expert knowledge. Considering how people concept and understand health and wellbeing is vital to keep and support health (Yuill and Duncan, 2011).

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How does the social model contribute to our understanding of health and illness? Discuss in relation to sociological explanations, and apply concepts to a particular disease/condition. 1.Present key theory/concepts: the social model

In this podcast, I will discuss about the social model of health, contributing to the thinking about heath and illness. Secondly, I will explain, where there is a link with the social aspect and lastly, I will explore more how obesity and social model h

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Impact of Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) Systems on Patient Safety in Saudi Arabian Hospitals Background

Patient safety in hospitals has significantly been associated with the high rate of medical errors in hospitals. There are a number of attributions to this; longer hospital stays, significant morbidity, death and even increased costs. There is obviously greater severity in complex hospital units, for instance the Intensive Care Unit, compared to other general units (Hug et al, 2012). This increase in the prevalence of errors has been associated with a number of other factors by Moyen et al (2008); the type of medication being used by the patients, the severity of the condition being treated and the ICU environment. For students pursuing healthcare

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Precision in Inquiry: Formulating Research Questions on Type-2 Diabetes and Its Effects Using the PICO Framework Research Question

Precision in Inquiry: Formulating Research Questions on Type-2 Diabetes and Its Effects Using the PICO Framework

Research Question

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Fostering Self-Actualization: Exploring Person-Centered Therapy and its Impact on Counseling Practice Introduction

The effectiveness of treatment primarily depends on the clinician’s attitude and understanding towards how the patient receives the treatment; this points towards whether the patient is endowed with the will and self-awareness to manage his or her own future (Cloninger & Cloninger, 2011). Person- centered therapy, which is also known as client- centered therapy, or person- centered counselling, among other names, refers to a form of psychotherapy first developed in the 1940s by Carl Rogers, who was a psychologist (Rogers, 1942). PCT seeks to facilitate the patient’s self-actualizing tendency; which may refer to an inbuilt proclivity aimed at fulfillment and growth. There are three main elements commonly associated with PCT; acceptance, congruence from the therapist and empathic understanding. Help aimed at helping an individual in the reflection of his/ her personality enables the processing of a mirror image of the individual’s weaknesses and strengths relating to life’s various challenges. The use of humanistic dialogue and interpersonal alliance in the orchestration of treatment procedures and lifestyle change that aim to promote health, prevent disease or treat illnesses is what client-centered therapy is all about (Cloninger & Cloninger, 2011).

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The Relationship Between Selected Variables and the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses: A Comparative Analysis of Pass/Fail Performance for Traditional and Second-degree Baccalaureate Students

The Relationship Between Selected Variables and the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses: A Comparative Analysis of Pass/Fail Performance for Traditional and Second-degree Baccalaureate Students

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Purpose of the Change Proposal in Offering Patient Care & Health care System NRS 493 Benchmark – Capstone Project Change Proposal

Hospital acquired pressure injuries are a critical patient safety problem and affect patient care and the entire health care system through different ways that include increased cost of care, poor outcomes, and longer hospital stays and even fatalities. As such, the purpose of this proposed change is to implement a care bundle intervention tailored on patient’s health status to reduce and prevent the occurrence of HAPIs. The change proposal aims at increasing awareness among critical care nurses about hospital acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) based on the rationale that effective understanding of these injuries will enhance nurses’ approach to the issue by offering them sufficient information to implement better interventions in their practice settings.

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"The Sociotechnical Impact of Predictive Policing Algorithms on Civil Liberties"

Abstract:

Predictive policing uses AI to forecast crime patterns and allocate law enforcement resources more effectively. However, this approach raises significant concerns about civil liberties, privacy, and potential discrimination. This dissertation investigates the societal impacts of predictive policing technologies and proposes strategies for mitigating negative consequences.

Research Questions:

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Proposal on “Encouraging Agroecology for Biodiversity Conservation in Agriculture”

Proposal on “Encouraging Agroecology for Biodiversity Conservation in Agriculture”

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Proposal on “Empowering Single Mothers Through Social Business Ventures”

Proposal on “Empowering Single Mothers Through Social Business Ventures”

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Proposal on “Strengthening Early Warning Systems for Agricultural Disaster Preparedness”

Agricultural disaster preparedness is a critical aspect of ensuring food security and sustaining livelihoods, particularly in regions vulnerable to natural disasters. As climate change intensifies, the frequency and severity of extreme weather events such as droughts, floods, and storms are on the rise

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Proposal on “Developing Sustainable Cooperative Farming Social Enterprises”

Sustainable cooperative farming social enterprises represent a transformative approach to agriculture that combines economic viability with social responsibility. These enterprises are designed to empower local communities by promoting sustainable farming practices while ensuring that the benefits of agriculture are shared equitably among all stakeholder

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Proposal on “Expanding Access to Organic Certification for Small-Scale Farmers”

Organic certification is a process that allows farmers to market their products as organic, which can significantly enhance their marketability and profitability.

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Proposal on “Supporting Youth-Led Tech Startups with a Social Mission”

In today’s rapidly evolving world, technology plays a pivotal role in shaping societies and addressing pressing social issues. Youth-led tech startups are emerging as powerful agents of change, harnessing innovation to tackle challenges such as poverty, education, and environmental sustainability.

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Proposal on “Building Ethical Consumerism Through Social Business Ventures”

Proposal on “Building Ethical Consumerism Through Social Business Ventures”

Ethical consumerism is a growing movement that encourages individuals to consider the social, environmental, and economic impacts of their purchasing decisions. It emphasizes the importance of buying products and services that align with one’s values, such as sustainability, fair trade, and social justice. As consumers become more aware of the consequences of their choice

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Proposal on “Supporting Agricultural Innovation Hubs for Rural Entrepreneurs”

Agricultural innovation hubs are emerging as vital centers for fostering creativity and entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector. These hubs serve as collaborative spaces where farmers, researchers, and entrepreneurs can come together to share ideas, develop new technologies, and implement innovative practices.

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Proposal on “Building Ethical Consumerism Through Social Business Ventures”

Ethical consumerism is a growing movement that encourages individuals to consider the social, environmental, and economic impacts of their purchasing decisions. It emphasizes the importance of buying products and services that align with one’s values, such as sustainability, fair trade, and social justice. As consumers become more aware of the consequences of their choices, they increasingly seek out businesses that prioritize ethical practices.

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Proposal on “Reducing Malnutrition Through Improved Agricultural Practices”

Proposal on “Reducing Malnutrition Through Improved Agricultural Practices”

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Proposal on “Strengthening Small-Scale Fisheries Through Social Enterprise Models”

Proposal on “Strengthening Small-Scale Fisheries Through Social Enterprise Models”

Small-scale fisheries play a crucial role in the livelihoods of millions of people around the world. These fisheries, often characterized by their limited capital, traditional fishing methods, and local markets, provide food security and economic stability for coastal communities. They are typically operated by families or small groups, relying on sustainable practices that have been passed down through generations.

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Proposal for Social Justice Community Event Planning Assignment Instructions Overview The objective of this assignment is for students to develop a comprehensive proposal for a community event based upon the identified social justice issue using Community Asset Map Template and Community Leader Interview.

Proposal for Social Justice Community Event Planning Assignment Instructions

Overview

The objective of this assignment is for students to develop a comprehensive proposal for a community event based upon the identified social justice issue using Community Asset Map Template and Community Leader Interview. This assignment will provide students with practical experience in event planning and coordination, emphasizing the importance of collaboration, safety considerations, marketing strategies, budgeting, and day-of-event logistics.

Instructions

1. Event Purpose: Clearly articulate the purpose of the community event. What goals are you aiming to achieve? How will this event benefit the community?

2. Collaborating Agencies:

   - Identify collaborating agencies involved in the planning and execution of the event.

   - Discuss any permissions or permits required for the event.

   - Detail partnerships with local churches, other non-profits, businesses, etc.

Proposal for Social Justice Community Event Planning Assignment Instructions

Overview

The objective of this assignment is for students to develop a comprehensive proposal for a community event based upon the identified social justice issue using Community Asset Map Template and Community Leader Interview. This assignment will provide students with practical experience in event planning and coordination, emphasizing the importance of collaboration, safety considerations, marketing strategies, budgeting, and day-of-event logistics.

Instructions

1. Event Purpose: Clearly articulate the purpose of the community event. What goals are you aiming to achieve? How will this event benefit the community?

2. Collaborating Agencies:

   - Identify collaborating agencies involved in the planning and execution of the event.

   - Discuss any permissions or permits required for the event.

   - Detail partnerships with local churches, other non-profits, businesses, etc.

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Project Proposal on “Justice and Equality for Indigenous Communities”

This project proposal aims to address the pressing issue of justice and equality for indigenous communities. Indigenous peoples across the globe face systemic discrimination, social exclusion, and a lack of access to justice. The project will focus on understanding the unique challenges faced by indigenous communities and developing strategies to promote justice, equality, and empowerment.

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Evaluating the Impact of Genetic Modification on Corn Yields by Targeting Pest Resistance and Herbicide Tolerance"

Background:

Corn (Zea mays) is one of the most widely cultivated crops globally, serving as a staple food, animal feed, and a source of biofuel. However, corn production faces significant challenges from pests and weeds, which can drastically reduce yields. Traditional methods of pest control and weed management often involve the extensive use of chemical pesticides and herbicides, which can be costly, environmentally damaging, and potentially harmful to human health

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NUR 590 Benchmark Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Final Paper: Organizational Culture and Readiness Example Solution Approach Included

Benchmark – Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Final Paper Example

Problem Statement

In recent years, insertion of a central line has been a common procedure for both outpatient and inpatient settings. The central lines are used for renal replacement therapy, administration of medication, monitoring of hemodynamic state, and nutritional support, among others (Huybrechts et al., 2021). Likewise, patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are in critical condition and require central lines for the aforementioned purposes. Therefore, central line insertion is a common procedure for ICU patients, and a correct insertion procedure must be adhered to.

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Description of the Major Functions Provided by Research and Data Monitoring of Health Care Delivery in the United States

A critical function performed by the two articles is two evaluate the vulnerable demographics in society for diabetes. In the article by Raghavan and colleagues, the study focuses trend of mortality in diabetes and related causes of mortality such as cardiovascular among adults. This study is critical because it brings critical information on diabetes and its relation with other chronic ailments such as heart disease and its impact on adults. This study links diabetes with cardiovascular disease. Through the cohort study group, this research shows critical link between diabetes and other conditions that people having diabetes are likely to suffer from.

Conversely, the study by Stokes and Preston is critical because it studies the prevalence of diabetes since 1980-2104. The data contained in this research is critical in evaluating the trends of diabetes from the 1980s till present. For example, this study reveals that the prevalence rate of diabetes in America has jumped from 4.3% to 9.0% in men from 1980 and 2014 (Stokes, & Preston, 2019). The research also shows that the prevalence of the disease for women for the same period jumped from 5.0 to 7.9% for the same period. These statistics are critical for governments because they can use it to monitor and manage the disease.

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Epidemiological Rationale for Topic: Depression in the era of COVID19

Epidemiological Rationale for Topic: Depression in the era of COVID19

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PREOPERATIVE EDUCATION USING ONE-ON-ONE COUNSELING Chapter One: Overview of the Problem of Interest

PREOPERATIVE EDUCATION USING ONE-ON-ONE COUNSELING

Chapter One: Overview of the Problem of Interest

Surgery is an important event in an individual’s life, impairing physical functioning thereby fear, anxiety and depression may be experienced by the patient (Ramesh et al., 2017), In 2008, more than 22 million surgeries were performed over 5,000 Ambulatory Surgery Centers in the United States. Surgery can be a significant and potential danger to the patient’s health and may cause psychological reactions such as anxiety (Gezer & Arslan, 2019). With thousands of patients having elective surgery on a daily basis, it is essential that these patients are adequately prepared prior to their surgery (Kruzik, 2009)

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“An Examination of Stress Levels Among Nurses Working in Pediatric Intensive Care Units”

#2: “An Examination of Stress Levels Among Nurses Working in Pediatric Intensive Care Units”

This study focuses on the work-related stress experienced by nurses in pediatric intensive care units. The dissertation could cover potential coping mechanisms, the impact on patient care, and strategies for management at an organizational level. The practical implications of such research could lead to improved working conditions for nurses and better care for patients.

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Dissertation #1: “Impact of Nurse-Patient Communication on Patient Satisfaction and Health Outcomes”

Example Dissertation #1: “Impact of Nurse-Patient Communication on Patient Satisfaction and Health Outcomes”

In this dissertation, the nurse researcher investigates the correlation between the quality of nurse-patient communication and its influence on patient satisfaction and health outcomes. This research is crucial because it highlights the role of nurses not only as caregivers but also as communicators in healthcare settings.

Exam

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Sample Papers

Evaluation of the Quality Improvement Initiative Against Standard Benchmarks and Outcomes

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Our research on “Impact of smoking on β-cell function and risk for type 2 diabetes in US citizens” finds that smoking increases the risk of diabetes among smokers. However, smokers might be affected by some genetic conditions which can protect them from diabetes.

Impact of consumption of soda on the health of teenagers in Corpus Christi” dissertation proposal

The Effect of Using the Components of Cannabis and its Influence on the Severity and Progression of Anxiety Disorders in Adults

Introduction

The Effect of Using the Components of Cannabis and its Influence on the Severity and Progression of Anxiety Disorders in Adults

Introduction

Systematic Review of the Impact of Exercise on Depression in Obese Adolescents

ntroduction

Literature Review

Depression

Obesity

Adolescent Obesity

Pre-Bed Screen Time and its Effect on Adolescent Sleep: A Systematic Review

Effectiveness of miRNAs as Potential Non-Invasive Liquid Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Prostate Cancer

Abstract

Introduction

Effects of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy on Secondary Stroke Prevention

Introduction

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Introduction

Pharmaceutical & Non-Pharmaceutical Cortisol Decrease in Patients with Hypertension

Introduction

Treatment of Aerosol Beclomethasone Dipropionate for Managing Exacerbations in Chronic Asthmatic Patients, ages 5-18, and those with Corticosteroid Dependence

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Abstract

1. Introduction

Evaluating the Longevity of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD)

Prophylactic antibiotic: Is it effective in preventing post-surgical infection?

The Gold Standard Anticoagulation Therapy for Post-Op Total Knee/Hip Replacement

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Evidence based practice on implementation on early sepsis detectio

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Assignment Capstone Paper Literature Review

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Chapter 4: Nurse Retention As A Result Of Transformational Leadership

Chapter 3: Influence of Leadership Style on Staff Nurse Retention

The Influence of Authentic Leadership and Empowerment on Nursing Staff Retention [Original source: https://prothesiswriter.com/samples/the-influence-of-authentic-leadership-and-empowerment-on-nursing-staff-retention]

A Comparison of Outcomes for Lipid Emulsions in Total Parenteral Nutrition Among Home Infusion Patients

DISPOSITION AND KNOWLEDGE OF NURSES TOWARD THE MANAGEMENT OF PAIN IN THE ACUTE CARE SETTING

Problem Statement

Operational. For the purpose of this study, an acute care setting is defined as medical surgical and step-down units within a healthcare system in Northeastern Louisiana.

Disposition

Theoretical. It is the measuring of consistent patterns of habits in a person's behavior, thoughts, and emotions (Communication Theory, n.d.). Dispositions are a reasonably long-lasting inclination to behave in a certain way (Shum & Crick, 2012). Seigel (1999), indicated that indiv Read More

IT Leadership Strategies for Mitigating Security Risks in IoT-Integrated Big Data Analytics: A Study of the Financial Sector.

Introduction:

Research Questions:

Objectives:

Methodology:

Expected Contributions:

Proposed Chapters:

KNOWLEDGE OF SEPSIS IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT: A SURVEY AMONG REGISTERED NURSES

Machine learning project in computer vision technique for the viability of quantifying the treatment for stroke patients a deep neural network approach

Machine learning project in computer vision technique for the viability of quantifying the treatment for stroke patients a deep neural network approach

Error Detection in Majority Logic Decoding of Euclidean Geometry Low Density Parity Check (EG-LDPC) Codes

Theoretical. It is the measuring of consistent patterns of habits in a person's behavior, thoughts, and emotions (Communication Theory, n.d.). Dispositions are a reasonably long-lasting inclination to behave in a certain way (Shum & Crick, 2012). Seigel (1999), indicated that indiv
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